Spoofing Signal Generation Based on Manipulation of Code Delay and Doppler Frequency of Authentic GPS Signal

Graphic Neural Network based GPS Spoofing Detection for Cellular-Connected UAV swarm

“…There are two kinds of GPS spoofing attacks based on spoofed GPS signals generation methods [37]. One method generates a spoofed GPS signal with a relay while the other one uses a generator [37].…”

“…There are two kinds of GPS spoofing attacks based on spoofed GPS signals generation methods [37]. One method generates a spoofed GPS signal with a relay while the other one uses a generator [37]. The former method collects the authentic GPS signals and then replays them with a certain time delay using higher transmission power, which leads to the same deviations in all pseudo-ranges calculation [37].…”

“…One method generates a spoofed GPS signal with a relay while the other one uses a generator [37]. The former method collects the authentic GPS signals and then replays them with a certain time delay using higher transmission power, which leads to the same deviations in all pseudo-ranges calculation [37]. The latter method can counterfeit the GPS signals with the same structures as the authentic ones but with the spoofed information that set any positions and velocities by careful calculation [37].…”

“…The former method collects the authentic GPS signals and then replays them with a certain time delay using higher transmission power, which leads to the same deviations in all pseudo-ranges calculation [37]. The latter method can counterfeit the GPS signals with the same structures as the authentic ones but with the spoofed information that set any positions and velocities by careful calculation [37]. Compared with the signal generator method, the relay method is cheaper and easier to implement but cannot set the spoofing position arbitrarily.…”

“…from the NASA website which publishes GPS satellite information, and then accordingly generates the GPS information with the spoofed position and velocity. Furthermore, the final GPS information includes both spoofed information as well as the modeling errors between the authentic GPS information and the counterfeit GPS information, including satellite clock error, ionospheric delay, and tropospheric delay [37]. Moreover, the SDR tools are in charge of modulating the final GPS information into the L1 band and sending the spoofed signal to the target position.…”