Sport category is an important determinant of cardiac adaptation: an MRI study

Luijkx, Tim; Prakken, Niek H J; Buckens, Constantinus F.; Mosterd, Arend; Rienks, Rienk; Backx, Frank; Mali, Willem P.Th.M.; Velthuis, Birgitta K.

doi:10.1136/bjsports-2011-090520

Cited by 62 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Recently, RV adaptations to exercise training have gained increased research interest. While previous studies concerning the effects of training on the RV have reported balanced hypertrophy with the LV (21,(35)(36)(37), other studies have reported RV dysfunction following intense endurance exercise (3,9,10,25,26,40). A recent meta-analysis further confirmed that prolonged intense exercise leads to reduction of RV function, while LV function remains unaffected (6), underlining the need for further studies specifically on RV adaptations.…”

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confidence: 63%

Right ventricular metabolic adaptations to high-intensity interval and moderate-intensity continuous training in healthy middle-aged men

Heiskanen

Leskinen

Heinonen

et al. 2016

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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Heiskanen MA, Leskinen T, Heinonen IH, Löyttyniemi E, Eskelinen JJ, Virtanen K, Hannukainen JC, Kalliokoski KK. Right ventricular metabolic adaptations to high-intensity interval and moderate-intensity continuous training in healthy middle-aged men. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 311: H667-H675, 2016. First published July 22, 2016; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00399.2016Despite the recent studies on structural and functional adaptations of the right ventricle (RV) to exercise training, adaptations of its metabolism remain unknown. We investigated the effects of short-term, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on RV glucose and fat metabolism. Twenty-eight untrained, healthy 40 -55 yr-old-men were randomized into HIIT (n ϭ 14) and MICT (n ϭ 14) groups. Subjects performed six supervised cycle ergometer training sessions within 2 wk (HIIT session: 4 -6 ϫ 30 s all-out cycling/4-min recovery; MICT session: 40 -60 min at 60% peak O 2 uptake). Primary outcomes were insulin-stimulated RV glucose uptake (RVGU) and fasted state RV free fatty acid uptake (RVFFAU) measured by positron emission tomography. Secondary outcomes were changes in RV structure and function, determined by cardiac magnetic resonance. RVGU decreased after training (Ϫ22% HIIT, Ϫ12% MICT, P ϭ 0.002 for training effect), but RVFFAU was not affected by the training (P ϭ 0.74). RV end-diastolic and endsystolic volumes, respectively, increased ϩ5 and ϩ7% for HIIT and ϩ4 and ϩ8% for MICT (P ϭ 0.002 and 0.005 for training effects, respectively), but ejection fraction mildly decreased (Ϫ2% HIIT, Ϫ4% MICT, P ϭ 0.034 for training effect). RV mass and stroke volume remained unaltered. None of the observed changes differed between the training groups (P Ͼ 0.12 for group ϫ training interaction). Only 2 wk of physical training in previously sedentary subjects induce changes in RV glucose metabolism, volumes, and ejection fraction, which precede exercise-induced hypertrophy of RV.Listen to this article's corresponding podcast at http://ajpheart.podbean. com/e/right-ventricular-metabolic-adaptations-to-exercise-training/. EXERCISE-INDUCED HYPERTROPHY of the left ventricle (LV), socalled athlete's heart, is generally associated with excellent health outcomes. Right ventricle (RV) has remained less studied, and for a long time it was considered merely as "a passive conduit" (8,14,42). Recently, RV adaptations to exercise training have gained increased research interest. While previous studies concerning the effects of training on the RV have reported balanced hypertrophy with the LV (21, 35-37), other studies have reported RV dysfunction following intense endurance exercise (3,9,10,25,26,40). A recent meta-analysis further confirmed that prolonged intense exercise leads to reduction of RV function, while LV function remains unaffected (6), underlining the need for further studies specifically on RV adaptations.As an alternative for traditional moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT), high-intensity interval training (H...

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confidence: 63%

Right ventricular metabolic adaptations to high-intensity interval and moderate-intensity continuous training in healthy middle-aged men

Heiskanen

Leskinen

Heinonen

et al. 2016

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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“…31 Além disso, esse fenômeno também pode estar relacionado à influência do meio da nutrição esportiva, devido ao fato de os indivíduos acreditarem que esses produtos lhe darão maior vantagem estética quando, na verdade, podem torna-se prejudiciais à saúde, com o aumento do risco de desenvolvimento de patologia cardiovascular. De fato, pesquisas recentes demonstram que o uso abusivo de EAA em atletas de força pode levar até a morte devido a alterações como: disfunção ventricular 50 , fibrose e morte de miócitos no ventrículo esquerdo 51 , desintegração das fibras musculares cardíacas e perda de discos intercalares e bandas-Z. 52 Em relação às substâncias relatadas pelos usuários de EAA, os estudos demonstram que a Decanoato de Nandrolona 53, 54 corresponde a 76% de utilização pelos adeptos de musculação, seguida pela Testosterona 53, 54 (71%) e Estanozolol 53, 54 (77%) 8 , ainda podendo permutar a ordem de preferência pelos usuários.…”

Section: Prevalência Dos Esteroides Anabólicos Androgênicos No Brasilunclassified

Prevalência do uso e efeitos de recursos ergogênicos por praticantes de musculação nas academias brasileiras: uma revisão sistematizada

Nogueira¹,

Souza²,

Brito³

2013

RBAFS

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ResumoO objetivo da presente revisão sistemática foi traçar a prevalência, as formas de indicação e os efeitos adversos dos suplementos alimentares (SA) e esteroides anabólicos androgênicos (EAA), cujo uso é relatado por praticantes de musculação nas academias de ginástica do Brasil. Para desenvolvimento deste estudo foi realizada, em novembro de 2011, uma busca nas bases de dados Medline, Scielo, Bireme e Lilacs utilizando as palavras-chave: esteroides anabólicos androgêni-cos, suplementos nutricionais e academias de ginástica. Para ser incluído, o estudo deveria ter investigado o uso de recursos ergogênicos em academias do Brasil. De acordo com os critérios de inclusão, foram selecionadas em um primeiro momento 93 investigações, mas apenas 18 foram incluídas. Os estudos selecionados demonstraram que as regiões Sul e Sudeste são as que possuem maior número de estudos. A maior prevalência de consumo dos SA foi em Belo Horizonte (90,8%), seguido por Vitória (70%), Cascavel (66%) e Curitiba (50,61%), e os produtos mais consumidos foram: proteínas, aminoácidos e creatinas. Para os EAA, a maior prevalência encontrada foi em Belo Horizonte com 85%, seguido por Aracaju (31%) e Rio Grande do Sul (24,9%). Os produtos mais utilizados foram o Decanoato de Nandrolona, a Testosterona e o Estanozolol. Os efeitos colaterais predominantes dos EAA foram surgimento de acne (46 a 94%) e agressividade (47 a 73%). Tanto o consumo de SA quanto o uso dos esteroides anabóli-cos androgênicos encontram-se exacerbados nas academias brasileiras, principalmente, na região Sudeste. Além disso, o uso abusivo dos EAA ocorre devido à falta de informações sobre suas contra indicações, repercutindo em inúmeros efeitos adversos à saúde. Palavras-chaveRecursos ergogênicos; Suplementos alimentares; Esteroides anabólicos androgênicos; Academias de ginástica. Abstract Objective: The objective of the present study was to systematically review the prevalence, indicative ways, and adverse effects of ergogenic resources, such as dietary supplements (DS) and anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS), that were reported, by bodybuilders in gyms in

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“…This included a comparison of LV diameter with established reference values and assessment of abnormal ECG parameters 6. ECGs were assessed by experienced cardiologists, using the Sokolow-Lyon criteria for the presence of LVH in all HCM participants, in all healthy athletes with borderline LVH and in a large subset of healthy athletes and non-athletes who were also evaluated in an earlier study 13 14…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unravelling the grey zone: cardiac MRI volume to wall mass ratio to differentiate hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and the athlete's heart

et al. 2013

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Sport category is an important determinant of cardiac adaptation: an MRI study

Cited by 62 publications

References 37 publications

Right ventricular metabolic adaptations to high-intensity interval and moderate-intensity continuous training in healthy middle-aged men

Right ventricular metabolic adaptations to high-intensity interval and moderate-intensity continuous training in healthy middle-aged men

Prevalência do uso e efeitos de recursos ergogênicos por praticantes de musculação nas academias brasileiras: uma revisão sistematizada

Unravelling the grey zone: cardiac MRI volume to wall mass ratio to differentiate hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and the athlete's heart

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