Sporulation of <i>Bipolaris sorokiniana</i> on the crowns of crop plants grown in Saskatchewan

Duczek, L. J.; Jones-Flory, L.L.; Reed, S. L.; Bailey, K. L.; Lafond, G. P.

doi:10.4141/cjps96-146

Cited by 23 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The observation that C. sativus was a commonly isolated fungus agrees with reports of the susceptibility of some of these crops to this pathogen (Wildermuth and McNamara 1987), and its ability to sporulate on crowns of all the crop species examined in this study (Duczek et al 1996). However, the negative association of C. sativus with the RDI for most of the noncereal crops suggests that this important cereal crown/root pathogen (Fernandez and Jefferson 2004) does not play a significant role in the root discolouration of the noncereal crops sampled, and might be present in those tissues as a weak pathogen.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Fusarium populations in roots of oilseed and pulse crops grown in eastern Saskatchewan

Fernandez¹

2007

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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Fernandez, M. R. 2007. Fusarium populations in roots of oilseed and pulse crops in eastern Saskatchewan. Can. J. Plant Sci. 87: 945-952. Roots of canola, flax, lentil and pea crops, commonly grown in rotation with wheat and barley on the Canadian Prairies, were sampled for extent of discolouration and associated fungal populations in eastern Saskatchewan, in 2000 and 2001. Fusarium was the genus most commonly isolated from pulse crops, particularly lentil, and one of the most common genera isolated from oilseed crops. The discolouration severity of pulse and flax roots was associated with Fusarium spp., and that of canola with Alternaria spp. Cochliobolus sativus and other commonly isolated species appeared to be present in roots as weak pathogens or saprophytes. Most of the Fusarium spp. have also been isolated from cereal crops affected by crown/root rot or fusarium head blight (FHB) in the province, although at different relative levels. These included F. avenaceum, the most commonly isolated species, and F. culmorum and F. graminearum, which were among the least prevalent species. This is the first report of isolation of F. graminearum from roots of field-grown pulse and oilseed crops in western Canada. For most crops, the number of tillage operations in the previous 3 yr was positively associated with the occurrence of C. sativus and negatively associated with that of F. avenaceum. Our results suggest that the noncereal crops examined would help to maintain or increase Fusarium inoculum in plant tissue, which might contribute to the development of crown/root rot and FHB in subsequently grown cereal crops, especially under conditions more conducive to disease development. This would especially be the case for pulse crops, which had the highest levels of root discolouration, and F. avenaceum. However, noncereal crops would not be significant reservoirs of inoculum of F. culmorum or F. graminearum.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Fusarium populations in roots of oilseed and pulse crops grown in eastern Saskatchewan

Fernandez¹

2007

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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“…This pathogen would be able to survive and reproduce in roots, crowns, and stems of affected plants of wheat and other susceptible crops. In addition to barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), a known host of C. sativus, Duczek et al (1996) observed that this pathogen sporulated on crowns of other annual cereals, wheatgrass, and other forage grasses, suggesting that sporulation on these crops may maintain or increase its inoculum levels in soil. Non-cereal crops, such as oilseeds and pulses, have also been shown to harbor C. sativus in crowns (Duczek et al, 1996) and roots (Fernandez, 2007).…”

Section: ----------------------------% -----------------------------mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), a known host of C. sativus, Duczek et al (1996) observed that this pathogen sporulated on crowns of other annual cereals, wheatgrass, and other forage grasses, suggesting that sporulation on these crops may maintain or increase its inoculum levels in soil. Non-cereal crops, such as oilseeds and pulses, have also been shown to harbor C. sativus in crowns (Duczek et al, 1996) and roots (Fernandez, 2007). It is expected that some of the current popular agronomic practices, such as reduced tillage, rotation with non-cereals and lower frequency of summerfallow, would contribute to lower levels of C. sativus in leaves and roots/crowns; however, these practices would help increase the presence of Fusarium pathogens in the latter (Fernandez et al, , 2009.…”

Section: ----------------------------% -----------------------------mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Effects of Climatic Change, Region and Agronomic Practices on Leaf Spotting of Bread and Durum Wheat in the Western Canadian Prairies, from 2001 to 2012

et al. 2016

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The leaf spotting (LS) complex is a widespread wheat (Triticum spp.) disease across the Canadian Prairies. A 12‐yr survey (2001–2012) was conducted in commercial fields across Saskatchewan, Canada to quantify LS and pathogen prevalence by wheat species, soil zone, latitude, longitude, previous crop/tillage, and climate. Leaf spotting severity was greater in durum than bread wheat. Pyrenophora tritici‐repentis had the greatest percentage occurrence and frequency of isolation. Percentage isolation of this pathogen and Cochliobolus sativus was greater in durum than bread wheat, while the reverse was true for Phaeosphaeria nodorum. Responses of wheat species to previous crop/tillage were not consistent. Bread wheat in the Brown soil zone had lower LS, and C. sativus levels, than in the other two soil zones, no other pathogen was significantly affected by soil zone. For bread wheat, going northward and eastward increased LS severity, going eastward decreased P. tritici‐repentis levels, going northward and eastward increased P. nodorum, while going south, and to a lesser extent east, increased C. sativus. Wet and warm conditions, particularly in the last years of this survey, and the presence of P. nodorum and C. sativus, were responsible for greater LS severity. Overall, P. tritici‐repentis was associated with warmer and drier conditions, and could not explain LS severity. Greater precipitation and temperature, especially in the last 3 yr (2010–2012), coincided with greater LS and C. sativus levels. Therefore, under higher precipitation and temperatures, C. sativus can become an important leaf pathogen in the western Prairies, especially in durum wheat. Long‐term survey assessed climate impacts on leaf spot levels and pathogen prevalence. Used climate data in a zone around each field for accurate assessment of its effects. Large‐scale assessment of soil impacts on leaf spot severity and pathogen prevalence. Identification of leaf spot pathogens most associated with disease severity in wheat.

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“…It may be possible that P. triticirepentis is unable to use the canaryseed residue to overwinter and produce abundant inoculum in the spring for infection. Duczek et al (1996) found that the wheat pathogen, C. sativus, did not sporulate on grasses (such as canaryseed), sunflower and lentil, which prevented the inoculum density from increasing on the residue. The relationship between the pathogens of wheat and canary seed residue should be investigated further.…”

Section: Spring Wheatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of agronomic practices and environment on diseases of wheat and lentil in southeastern Saskatchewan

Bailey¹,

Gossen²,

Derksen³

et al. 2000

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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. 2000. Impact of agronomic practices and environment on diseases of wheat and lentil in southeastern Saskatchewan. Can. J. Plant Sci 80: 917-927. To determine the effect of tillage and rotation on plant diseases, their severity and prevalence were monitored on spring wheat, lentil, and field pea grown in rotation with zero and conventional tillage at Indian Head, SK, from 1992 to 1995. Root disease severity of wheat was less under zero tillage than conventional tillage, but leaf spot severity was unchanged. Incidence of the causal agents from roots was variable, such that Fusarium spp. were higher under zero tillage than conventional and Bipolaris sorokiniana was lower. Pyrenophora triticirepentis was the only foliar pathogen more prevalent under zero tillage than conventional. Rotation did not affect the pathogens causing root disease. However, the rotation of canaryseed-sunola-wheat-lentil had higher disease severity and levels of Septoria tritci on wheat compared with wheat-canola-wheat-lentil or wheat-pea-wheat-lentil. Neither crop rotation nor tillage practice had a measurable impact on lentil diseases, but epidemics of Ascochyta lentis and Botrytis cinerea were most severe in treatments with the densest plant stands. Multivariate analyses explored trends of tillage, rotation, and environment over years demonstrating that regardless of tillage or crop rotation practices, the annual environment was the most important factor limiting the severity of disease and the prevalence of causal agents in the complex. Les affections racinaires du blé étaient moins graves en régime SD qu'en régime TC, mais on ne notait pas de différences comparables pour les taches foliaires. La fréquences des pathogènes prélevés sur les racines était variable, celle des Fusarium spp., par exemple, était plus forte et celle de Bipolaris sorokiniana plus basse en régime SD. Pyrenophora tritici-repentis était le seul pathogène foliaire plus abondant en régime SD. Le type de rotation des cultures n'avait pas d'effet sur les pathogènes racinaires, bien que la rotation alpiste des Canaries-sunola-blé-lentille manifestait un niveau plus élevé de gravité et d'étendue des infections à Septoria tritci sur le blé que les rotations blé-canola-blé-lentille ou blé-pois-blé-lentille. Ni la rotation ni le régime de travail du sol n'avait d'effet mesurable sur les maladies de la lentille, mais les épidémies d'Ascochyta lentis et de Botrytis cinerea étaient le plus graves dans les cultures présentant une plus forte densité de peuplement. Les analyses multivariées de l'évolution des pratiques du travail du sol, des rotations et des conditions du milieu au cours des années ont permis de constater que ces dernières constituent le facteur limite le plus important de la gravité des maladies et l'abondance relative de tel ou tel pathogène dans les cultures.

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Sporulation of Bipolaris sorokiniana on the crowns of crop plants grown in Saskatchewan

Cited by 23 publications

References 6 publications

Fusarium populations in roots of oilseed and pulse crops grown in eastern Saskatchewan

Fusarium populations in roots of oilseed and pulse crops grown in eastern Saskatchewan

Assessing Effects of Climatic Change, Region and Agronomic Practices on Leaf Spotting of Bread and Durum Wheat in the Western Canadian Prairies, from 2001 to 2012

Impact of agronomic practices and environment on diseases of wheat and lentil in southeastern Saskatchewan

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