Spread of Bovine Virus Diarrhoea virus in a herd of heifer calves

Wentink, G. H.; Exsel, A. C. A. van; Goey, I. de; Lieshout, J.A.H. van

doi:10.1080/01652176.1991.9694313

Cited by 17 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…When a PI animal is born, secondary transmission to naïve animals in the herd occurs quickly [20]. Sero-conversion of all naïve in contact animals occurs over a period of two to five months, depending on contact levels with PI animals [21,22]. BVD serology provides a convenient means of monitoring for BVD re-infection in herds that have achieved BVD freedom.…”

Section: Direct Animal To Animal Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Considerations on BVD eradication for the Irish livestock industry

Barrett¹,

Graham

et al. 2011

Ir Vet J

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Animal Health Ireland has produced clear guidelines for the control of Bovine Viral Diarrhoea (BVD) infection in Irish cattle herds. In the course of developing these guidelines it was clear that a framework for regional and/or national BVD control would be required to increase the uptake of BVD control at farm level and reduce the overall prevalence of the disease. This paper assessed the economic impact of BVD, epidemiological aspects of the disease to its control, models of BVD control, international experiences of BVD control programmes. The technical knowledge and test technology exists to eradicate BVD. Indeed, many countries have successfully and others are embarking on control of the disease. The identification and prompt elimination of PI cattle will form the basis of any control programme. The trade of such animals must be curtailed. Pregnant and potentially pregnant carrying PI foetuses pose a significant threat. International experience indicates systematic, well coordinated programmes have the most success, while voluntary programmes can make good initial progress but ultimately fail. The farming community must buy into any proposed programme, and without their support, failure is likely. To buy into the programme and create such a demand for BVD control, farmers must first be well informed. It is likely that stemming economic loss and improving productivity will be the primary motivator at individual farm level.

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Section: Direct Animal To Animal Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Considerations on BVD eradication for the Irish livestock industry

Barrett¹,

Graham

et al. 2011

Ir Vet J

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“…20,22 However, the speed of transmission depends on the 3 distance between PI animals and susceptible animals. 54 At that stage, a herd infection is usually easily identified by either antibody detection in bulk milk or use of the spot test.…”

Section: Herd Reinfection If a Pi Animal Or A Dam Carrying A Pimentioning

confidence: 99%

Test Strategies in Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Control and Eradication Campaigns in Europe

Houe¹,

Lindberg

Moennig³

2006

J VET Diagn Invest

167

140

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Abstract. Several European countries have initiated national and regional control-and-eradication campaigns for bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV). Most of these campaigns do not involve the use of vaccines; in Germany, vaccination is used only in states in which it is considered necessary because of high BVDV prevalence. In European countries without organized BVDV control programs, vaccination is commonly used to control BVDV. Diagnostic test strategies are fundamental to all control-and-eradication campaigns; therefore, the purpose of this review is to describe how the available diagnostic tests are combined into test strategies in the various phases of control-and-eradication campaigns in Europe. Laboratory techniques are available for BVDV diagnosis at the individual animal level and at the herd level. These are strategically used to achieve 3 main objectives: 1) initial tests to classify herd status, 2) follow-up tests to identify individual BVDV-infected animals in infected herds, and 3) continued monitoring to confirm BVDVfree status. For each objective or phase, the validity of the diagnostic tests depends on the mode of BVDV introduction and duration of infection in test-positive herds, and on how long noninfected herds have been clear of BVDV. Therefore, the various herd-level diagnostic tools-such as antibody detection in bulk milk or in blood samples from young stock animals, or BVDV detection in bulk milk-need to be combined appropriately to obtain effective strategies at low cost. If the individual diagnostic tests are used with due consideration of the objectives of a specific phase of a BVDV control program, they are effective tools for controlling and eradicating BVDV in regions not using vaccination and where vaccination is a part of the control or eradication program.

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“…They are therefore more prone to transmit the virus in the herd. This would suggest that the cp biotype may be an epidemiological dead end because the main route of spread of BVDV within a group of calves is via respiratory infection (Bielefeldt Ohmann, 1983 ;Wentink et al, 1991). In summary, our data highlight the biological effect of the BVDV biotype on virological and serological events during acute infections of calves.…”

Section: CImentioning

confidence: 81%

Evidence for biotype-specific effects of bovine viral diarrhoea virus on biological responses in acutely infected calves.

Lambot

Joris

Douart

et al. 1998

Journal of General Virology

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The relationship between the two biotypes of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) and the biological responses they induce was studied in 3-to 6-month-old calves inoculated intranasally with a homologous pair of non-cytopathic and cytopathic strains. Marked differences in virological and serological events occurred following exposure to a specific BVDV strain. The non-cytopathic biotype was frequently recovered from nasal secretions and blood cells during the first 28 days post-inoculation whereas the cytopathic counterpart was detected infrequently in nasopharyngeal swabs only. There was no correlation of the recovery of infectious virus in vivo with the biotype-specific neutralizing humoral immune response. Furthermore, seroconversion did not correlate with resistance to reinfection as judged by the transient viraemia and/or shedding of virus observed in a challenge experiment. Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) belongs to the genusPestivirus in the family Flaviviridae (Wengler, 1991). The strains of BVDV are grouped into two biotypes, non-cytopathic (ncp) and cytopathic (cp), according to their behaviour in cell culture (Baker, 1987) and the rearrangements in the non-structural NS23\NS3 coding gene (reviewed in Meyers & Thiel, 1996). The ncp biotype is commonly isolated from cases of acute infection and is invariably present in animals born persistently

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Spread of Bovine Virus Diarrhoea virus in a herd of heifer calves

Cited by 17 publications

References 4 publications

Considerations on BVD eradication for the Irish livestock industry

Considerations on BVD eradication for the Irish livestock industry

Test Strategies in Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Control and Eradication Campaigns in Europe

Evidence for biotype-specific effects of bovine viral diarrhoea virus on biological responses in acutely infected calves.

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