Spring-in prediction for carbon/epoxy aerospace composite structure

Fiorina, M.; Seman, Anasyida Abu; Castanié, Bruno; Ali, K M; Schwob, C.; Mezeix, Laurent

doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2017.02.074

Cited by 45 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The linear elastic material model is the simplest; therefore, it allows to obtain theoretically the least reliable results, but also with the least computational effort. The recent results indicate, however, that the linear elastic model results may be accurate enough for engineering purposes .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…However, even the numerical models are mainly focused on the flat or single‐curved composite elements, such as C‐sectioned spars . There are only few attempts to model double‐curved composite structures presented in available literature . Following an initial model development by Bogetti and Gillespe from University of Delaware , the researchers at University of British Columbia were the first to develop the most comprehensive model and software for predicting process‐induced deformation (COMPRO) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The CTEs were calibrated by comparing the results of the model with the deformations of flat specimens of different sizes and thicknesses. Fiorina et al used this model to simulate the deformations of the Airbus A350 wing box rib . The rib is essentially flat with L‐shaped flanges, which deform during the cure process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results of the calculations were compared to the real deformations showing good agreement. There are three material models of different complication level used: linear elastic , cure hardening instantaneous linear elastic (CHILE) , and viscoelastic . However, the viscoelastic models are used mainly for the evaluation of residual stresses, not for the modeling of the process‐induced deformations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Compensation of process‐induced deformations of double‐curved carbon–epoxy composite elements

Galińska

2019

Polymer Composites

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The process‐induced deformations constitute a severe obstacle to composite part designing and manufacturing. Therefore, in the present work, a method of geometric compensation of those deformations is presented. The compensation process starts with the development of a calculation method which allows to calculate the deformations with the use of Finite Element Method. Linear elastic material model is used in the calculations. Then, the calculated deformations are used to design the compensated geometry of the tool which allows to decrease the deformations of the cured part. The compensation method was verified by compensating and manufacturing a double‐curved fragment of a composite wing leading edge. It appeared that the compensation method allowed to decrease the initial deformation of the structure fragment by approximately 77%. POLYM. COMPOS., 40:3666–3677, 2019. © 2019 Society of Plastics Engineers

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Compensation of process‐induced deformations of double‐curved carbon–epoxy composite elements

Galińska

2019

Polymer Composites

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“…Apart from their use in a wide variety of everyday applications such as paints and coatings [4], epoxy resins can also be found in advanced applications such as high performance adhesives [5], anticorrosion coatings [6] and composites for electronic [7], biomedical [8], construction [7], maritime [9] and aerospace [10] industries. However, their presence has been limited in the railway industry due to the lack of studies, regulatory standards and requirements related to this family of materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paving the way for a wider use of composites in railway industry

Gómez-Fernández

Jubete

Lopez

et al. 2019

J Therm Anal Calorim

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Different types of phosphorus containing halogen-free flame retardants (FRs) were added to an epoxy-dicyandiamide resin formulation in order to study to which extent they affect its glass transition temperature (T g), tensile properties, thermal stability and burning behavior of the resin. For this purpose, an additive-type FR (ammonium polyphosphate encapsulated in melamine resin, MAPP) and two reactive-type FRs i) a commercial epoxy resin pre-reacted with 9,10-dihydro-oxa-10phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide, (DOPO), and ii) a phosphorus containing hardener (poly(m-phenylene methylphosphonate), (PMP) were used. It was observed that the addition of additive-type FR did not affect in great extent the T g and provided a V-0 rating in UL94 test at low loadings. The addition of reactive-type FRs (DOPO and/or PMP), however, modified the structure of the chain network resulting in lower crosslink density as a consequence of their higher equivalent mass, but achieving also with low PMP content V-0 rating.

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Viscosity‐coupled curing simulation model for L‐shaped composites considering flow and compaction

Ye,

Zhang,

Chen

et al. 2024

Polymer Composites

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Computational methods provide effective tools for the prediction of the curing behavior of composites, especially for large‐scale complex composite structures. The flow‐compaction analysis during curing receives insufficient attention in current studies. In this work, an integrated framework considering the heat transfer, the cross‐linking reaction, the flow and compaction, and the stress–strain module is established. A comprehensive resin flow termination criterion is proposed. L‐shaped composites with a stacking layer of [45/90/−45/0]s were fabricated, and the good agreement between the experimentally measured and the numerically predicted contour data validated the current model. Compared with Hubert's model, the prediction accuracy of the thickness and fiber volume content increases by 4.24% and 3.92%, respectively. Correlation analysis between the fiber volume ratio predicted by numerical methods and experimental results (94% for this method, −41% for Hubert's model) demonstrates the well‐capture of nonuniform fiber distribution in curved composites for the current strategy. The overall framework provides an accurate and promising tool for the prediction of the curing behavior of complex composite components.Highlights An integrated numerical methodology is proposed considering the resin flow and compaction. The viscosity‐temperature coupled feature of resin is considered in the permeability coefficients. A comprehensive resin flow termination criterion is proposed for an accurate prediction. The resin content, thickness, and spring‐in angle of L‐shaped laminates are characterized. The good correlation between the experimental and numerical results validates this method. Compared with the model proposed by Hubert, the prediction accuracy improves.

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Spring-in prediction for carbon/epoxy aerospace composite structure

Cited by 45 publications

References 19 publications

Compensation of process‐induced deformations of double‐curved carbon–epoxy composite elements

Compensation of process‐induced deformations of double‐curved carbon–epoxy composite elements

Paving the way for a wider use of composites in railway industry

Viscosity‐coupled curing simulation model for L‐shaped composites considering flow and compaction

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