Spring Management of White Grubs in Chesterfield, In, 1993

Abstract

Treatment plots were 6 ft × 2 ft, arranged in a RCB design, replicated 5 times. Treatments were applied 7 May. Triumph and Dursban were applied with a COypressurized backpack sprayer using 11003 nozzles, operating at 20 psi and delivering 20 gal/acre. Granular formulations were applied using a homemade salt shaker. All plots were irrigated with 0.25 inches of water immediately after treatment. Conditions at the time of treatment were: air temp., 27°C; thatch depth (natural), 0.5-0.75 inches; soil texture, silt loam; soil pH 5.6; wind speed 2-8 mph. Efficacy was evaluated 21 May using a sod cutter that excised the turf to a depth of 0.75 inches. The sod (6 ft × 1.5 ft) cut by the sod cutter was turned over and the number of grubs clinging to the grass roots and exposed on the ground was recorded.

Understanding and Reducing Stress in the Superintendency

“…Stress, according to Buhler (1993) and Brock and Grady (2002), is the body's non-specific response to stressors in the environment. Lyles (2005) concurred and reported stress is the mental and physical wear and tear that we experience as we live our lives.…”

“…Conversely, according to Brock and Grady (2002), Buhler (1993), Lyles (2005) and Queen and Queen (2004) not all tension is necessarily bad or unhealthy. The body's response to stress is similar in both distress (negative stress) and eustress (positive stress).…”