Sputtering of solids with neutrons

Behrisch, R.

doi:10.1007/3-540-12593-0_5

Cited by 95 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 126 publications

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“…A more detailed discussion of the materials aspects for fusion, especially sputtering, can be found in [104][105][106][107]. Along those lines, an extension of the model by García-Rosales [108], but also including backscattering of the returning carbon flux, has been implemented in SOLPS5.0.…”

Section: Impurity Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Edge Physics with B2‐Eirene

Schneider

Bonnin

Borraß

et al. 2006

Contrib. Plasma Phys.

484

426

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The B2‐Eirene code package was developed to give better insight into the physics in the scrape‐off layer (SOL), which is defined as the region of open field‐lines intersecting walls. The SOL is characterised by the competition of parallel and perpendicular transport defining by this a 2D system. The description of the plasma‐wall interaction due to the existence of walls and atomic processes are necessary ingredients for an understanding of the scrape‐off layer. This paper concentrates on understanding the basic physics by combining the results of the code with experiments and analytical models or estimates. This work will mainly focus on divertor tokamaks, but most of the arguments and principles can be easily adapted also to other concepts like island divertors in stellarators or limiter devices. The paper presents the basic equations for the plasma transport and the basic models for the neutral transport. This defines the basic ingredients for the SOLPS (Scrape‐Off Layer Plasma Simulator) code package. A first level of understanding is approached for pure hydrogenic plasmas based both on simple models and simulations with B2‐Eirene neglecting drifts and currents. The influence of neutral transport on the different operation regimes is here the main topic. This will finish with time‐dependent phenomena for the pure plasma, so‐called Edge Localised Modes (ELMs). Then, the influence of impurities on the SOL plasma is discussed. For the understanding of impurity physics in the SOL one needs a rather complex combination of different aspects. The impurity production process has to be understood, then the effects of impurities in terms of radiation losses have to be included and finally impurity transport is necessary. This will be introduced with rising complexity starting with simple estimates, analysing then the detailed parallel force balance and the flow pattern of impurities. Using this, impurity compression and radiation instabilities will be studied. This part ends, combining all the elements introduced before, with specific, detailed results from different machines. Then, the effect of drifts and currents is introduced and their consequences presented. Finally, some work on deriving scaling laws for the anomalous turbulent transport based on automatic edge transport code fitting procedures will be described. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

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Section: Impurity Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Edge Physics with B2‐Eirene

Schneider

Bonnin

Borraß

et al. 2006

Contrib. Plasma Phys.

484

426

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“…High energy electrons, such as the 20 keV electron of the RHEED setup, are also able to sputter light elements. 26 This suggests that SiO x is also formed due to the exposure to the electron beam of the RHEED setup.…”

Section: Gete/sb 2 Te 3 Superlattices On Siomentioning

confidence: 99%

Textured Sb2Te3 films and GeTe/Sb2Te3 superlattices grown on amorphous substrates by molecular beam epitaxy

et al. 2017

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The realization of textured films of 2-dimensionally (2D) bonded materials on amorphous substrates is important for the integration of this material class with silicon based technology. Here, we demonstrate the successful growth by molecular beam epitaxy of textured Sb2Te3 films and GeTe/Sb2Te3 superlattices on two types of amorphous substrates: carbon and SiO2. X-ray diffraction measurements reveal that the out-of-plane alignment of grains in the layers has a mosaic spread with a full width half maximum of 2.8°. We show that a good texture on SiO2 is only obtained for an appropriate surface preparation, which can be performed by ex situ exposure to Ar+ ions or by in situ exposure to an electron beam. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveals that this surface preparation procedure results in reduced oxygen content. Finally, it is observed that film delamination can occur when a capping layer is deposited on top of a superlattice with a good texture. This is attributed to the stress in the capping layer and can be prevented by using optimized deposition conditions of the capping layer. The obtained results are also relevant to the growth of other 2D materials on amorphous substrates.

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“…If a solid surface is bombarded with energetic ions, surface material will be removed [51,52]. The theoretical description of this mechanisms called sputtering has already been formulated in the 1960s by Sigmund [53].…”

Section: Continuum Theory Of Ripple Formation During Low Energy Iomentioning

confidence: 99%

Ion-Induced Nanoscale Ripple Patterns on Si Surfaces: Theory and Experiment

2010

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Nanopatterning of solid surfaces by low-energy ion bombardment has received considerable interest in recent years. This interest was partially motivated by promising applications of nanopatterned substrates in the production of functional surfaces. Especially nanoscale ripple patterns on Si surfaces have attracted attention both from a fundamental and an application related point of view. This paper summarizes the theoretical basics of ion-induced pattern formation and compares the predictions of various continuum models to experimental observations with special emphasis on the morphology development of Si surfaces during sub-keV ion sputtering.

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Sputtering of solids with neutrons

Cited by 95 publications

References 126 publications

Plasma Edge Physics with B2‐Eirene

Plasma Edge Physics with B2‐Eirene

Textured Sb2Te3 films and GeTe/Sb2Te3 superlattices grown on amorphous substrates by molecular beam epitaxy

Ion-Induced Nanoscale Ripple Patterns on Si Surfaces: Theory and Experiment

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