Squamous cell carcinoma of the penis

Abstract

BACKGROUND Penile carcinoma is uncommon. Therefore, obtaining meaningful epidemiologic data requires analysis of large, multisource databases. The authors examined the association between different demographic variables and the prevalence, presentation, and survival of patients with penile squamous cell carcinoma in the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. METHODS The SEER database represents 12% of the U.S. population. The database included 1605 patients with a diagnosis of penile squamous cell carcinoma between 1973 and 1998. The variables analyzed were age, race, marital status, stage at presentation, type of surgery, performance of lymphadenectomy, and disease‐specific survival. RESULTS Of 1605 patients, 37% presented with carcinoma in situ (CIS), 39% with localized disease, 13% with regional disease, 2.3% with distant disease, and 7.9% of the patients were unstaged. The percentage of patients presenting with CIS and localized disease increased and decreased yearly, respectively. African Americans represented 9.9% of the population and tended to present at a younger age and with a higher stage of disease, and their cancer‐specific survival was shorter in all stages. However, these associations were statistically significant only for men with regional disease. Marital status was documented for 1394 patients (87%). The majority (84%) had a history of marriage and presented at an earlier stage of disease and had higher disease‐specific survival in the localized (P = 0.0002) and regional stages (P = 0.0010) of disease. CONCLUSIONS The diagnosis of penile carcinoma significantly reduced survival. African‐American men presented with a higher stage of disease and statistically significant decreased survival, whereas previously or currently married men presented at an earlier stage of disease and sought more aggressive treatment. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.

Incidence of potentially human papillomavirus–related neoplasms in the United States, 1978 to 2007

“…The risk of penile cancer is significantly increased in individuals with AIDS, with risk rising over time since AIDS diagnosis and remaining approximately 5-times higher than in the general population during the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. 20 The rising incidence of preinvasive squamous penile neoplasms we report is consistent with findings from other SEER-based (1973–1998) 21 and European (1989–2006) studies. 19 A similar increase in incidence of preinvasive penile lesions among individuals with AIDS has been reported in the U.S. 22 The continued rise in incidence with advancing age suggests that other risk factors may contribute to preinvasive disease at older ages.…”

Penile cancer: impact of age at diagnosis on morphology and prognosis

“…The mean age in this case series, 57 years, is comparable with most series in the literature. However, the reported series from Brazil show a higher frequency of younger individuals (<45 years at the moment of diagnosis) [5,16,17]. The present series showed that 17 % of patients were less than 40 years at the time of diagnosis, and cancer-specific death rate in this age group was 19 % (in contrast to 11 and 13 % in the 41-60 and >60 age groups).…”

The influence of marital status on stage at diagnosis and survival of patients with colorectal cancer

“…Additionally, marital statuses in the population, stage at presentation, mortality, as well as therapy options, have changed in more recent years. This change may be related to possible increases or decreases in the proportion of married and unmarried individuals and their effect on cause-specific survival (CSS) [10, 11]. Moreover, two reported reasons of poor survival among unmarried patients were delayed diagnosis and undertreatment.…”