Square-wave anodic stripping analysis in the presence of dissolved oxygen

Wojclechowski, Marek.; Go, Winston S.; Osteryoung, Janet

doi:10.1021/ac00279a038

Cited by 62 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…It has been demonstrated that interference a) can be eliminated by combining SWASV at high frequency and background current subtraction [14,33,34]. This is applicable in sufficiently pH buffered aquatic media, such as seawater, where interference b) is weak.…”

Section: Oxygenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gel‐Integrated Voltammetric Microsensors and Submersible Probes as Reliable Tools for Environmental Trace Metal Analysis and Speciation

et al. 2008

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This article gives a review of the analytical and environmental criteria which must be considered and the relevant specific developments needed for direct, reliable voltammetric measurements of trace metal speciation in environmental systems. In particular, this article will focus on the tools which enable remote, long-term in situ measurements. The development of such tools is a challenging task. The strategies that can be used to achieve this goal are described for the development of innovative and versatile gel-integrated voltammetric microsensors, micro-/ mini-integrated analytical systems, and submersible probes. The advantages of these new tools with respect to selectivity, sensitivity, reliability, spatial and temporal resolution of data, and thus efficient environmental monitoring of the biogeochemical cycle of trace metals are demonstrated by providing examples of measurements made in various aquatic samples in laboratory (water, soils, solid -liquid interface) and in situ in fresh and seawaters.

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Section: Oxygenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gel‐Integrated Voltammetric Microsensors and Submersible Probes as Reliable Tools for Environmental Trace Metal Analysis and Speciation

et al. 2008

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“…In contrast with other voltammetric methods, the determinations can be made in the presence of dissolved oxygen when using square wave modulation [50,51]. This is particularly apparent when higher concentrations are used, as happens in SW direct methods.…”

Section: Analytical Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Square-wave voltammetric techniques for determination of psychoactive 1,4-benzodiazepine drugs

Santos¹,

Famila²,

Gonçalves³

2002

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry

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Direct square-wave voltammetry (SWV) and square-wave cathodic stripping voltammetry (SWCSV) at hanging mercury drop electrodes have been developed for determination of the psychoactive 1,4-benzodiazepine compounds clonazepam, bromazepam, midazolam, diazepam, medazepam, and flurazepam over a wide range of concentrations. Analysis was performed with better precision, lower detection limits, and much more rapidly than by previously reported voltammetric techniques. The applicability of both procedures is discussed. The methods were applied to the analysis of commercially available tablets with minimum sample manipulation. The accuracy of the results was accessed by comparison with those obtained by use of the methods described in official pharmacopoeias. A critical comparison with those procedures is also presented.

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“…Attainment of depletive SCP conditions requires strict exclusion of oxygen (and other trace oxidants) which interfere with the straightforward relationship between I s t and c. However, deoxygenation is also required for SV measurements to avoid interference from the oxygen reduction current and the (often large) pH increases that occur at the electrode surface during deposition, especially in poorly pH buffered freshwaters [18]. Although fast scan high-frequency SW-SV can eliminate the oxygen reduction current and any interferences due to chemical oxidation of the accumulated metals [19,20], these conditions correspond to the potentially more problematic nondepletive stripping conditions described above. The same reasoning applies to claims that SCP at high stripping current is not influenced by dissolved oxygen [21].…”

Section: à3mentioning

confidence: 99%

Depletive Stripping Chronopotentiometry: A Major Step Forward in Electrochemical Stripping Techniques for Metal Ion Speciation Analysis

Town

Leeuwen

2004

Electroanalysis

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A comparative evaluation of the utility of the various modes of stripping chronopotentiometry (SCP) for trace metal speciation analysis is presented in the broad context of stripping voltammetric techniques. The remarkable fundamental advantages of depletive SCP at scanned deposition potential (SSCP) are highlighted, and the rigorous underpinning theory is described. The distinctive features of SSCP include: i) an effective getting around part of the Nernstian extension of the reoxidation process, leading to ii) greater resolution than conventional stripping voltammetries; iii) a certain insensitivity to electrochemical irreversibility, especially at a microelectrode; iv) in principle, freedom from induced metal ion adsorption interferences; v) no requirement for excess ligand during stripping; and vi) ability to provide a certain measure of any chemical heterogeneity in the metal speciation that is easily distinguishable from effects of electrochemical irreversibility.

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Square-wave anodic stripping analysis in the presence of dissolved oxygen

Cited by 62 publications

References 23 publications

Gel‐Integrated Voltammetric Microsensors and Submersible Probes as Reliable Tools for Environmental Trace Metal Analysis and Speciation

Gel‐Integrated Voltammetric Microsensors and Submersible Probes as Reliable Tools for Environmental Trace Metal Analysis and Speciation

Square-wave voltammetric techniques for determination of psychoactive 1,4-benzodiazepine drugs

Depletive Stripping Chronopotentiometry: A Major Step Forward in Electrochemical Stripping Techniques for Metal Ion Speciation Analysis

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