Squats on the Great Britain rail network: Possible root causes and research recommendations

Muhamedsalih, Yousif; Hawksbee, Samuel; Tucker, Gareth; Stow, Julian; Burstow, M. C.

doi:10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2021.106267

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…e lower curvature of the lumbar spine means that the lumbar spine is closer to a straight line. At this time, the trunk is more forward leaning, and the increased curvature of the thoracic spine means that the forward flexion of the thoracic spine is more obvious, further increasing the forward leaning angle of the trunk [21,22]. In the process of weight-bearing squat, the barbell is placed above the shoulder blades, and the weight of the barbell is directly transmitted through the spine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis and Comparison of Motion Biomechanics Characteristics of Squat Jump and Half-Squat Jump

Zhao

Zhang

2022

Mobile Information Systems

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In order to study the biomechanical characteristics of squat jump and half-squat jump, analysis and comparison were made. This paper tests and analyzes the kinematics and dynamics of 63 young men’s squat jump, and synchronously collects the kinematics and dynamics data of subjects in the process of weight-bearing squat, in-situ free jump, and high platform landing. The experimental results showed that there was significant difference in knee joint angle at the time of toe off ( P < 0.05), and there was significant difference in ankle joint angle at the time of toe off ( P < 0.05). The time law of squat jump and semi squat jump in vertical jump was the same. In vertical jump, the reaction time law of squat jump and semi squat jump is the same, and the recovery standing time is the longest, followed by the take-off time and reaction time. The two vertical jump methods have no effect on the height, time, and speed of exercise take-off.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis and Comparison of Motion Biomechanics Characteristics of Squat Jump and Half-Squat Jump

Zhao

Zhang

2022

Mobile Information Systems

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“…It was previously reported that squat increases with rail age, that is, passing tonnage [18]. Observations for a passage tonnage of up to 50 MGT have revealed that the number of microcracks caused by the decarburized layer also increased.…”

Section: Crack Formation Due To Increased Passing Tonnagementioning

confidence: 92%

<b>Influence of a Decarburized Layer on the Formation of Microcracks in Railway Rails: On-site Investigation</b>

KANEMATSU,

UEHIGASHI,

MATSUI

2023

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This study aims to understand the effect of decarburization on microcrack formation on rails by an onsite (laying) test. Test pieces with and without decarburization were compared under the same test conditions. The results show that decarburization affects the formation of microcracks and plastic flow. Furthermore, we investigated the decarburization effect on microcrack formation using test pieces taken from actual tracks. A comparison of test pieces with and without a decarburized layer showed that the crack density of rails on the unground was 2.7-5.7 times higher than that of rails ground at a cumulative tonnage of 23 MGT.

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“…In Britain, costs of corrective maintenance because of squats were £4 million/year during the period between 2011 and 2017. 2…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Britain, costs of corrective maintenance because of squats were £4 million/year during the period between 2011 and 2017. 2 The second aspect includes noise and vibration issues. The most relevant example of this concern is rail corrugation, as the length of the defect can be quite long.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of short-wave effects on deterioration of track geometry

Loidolt

Marschnig

2023

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F:

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Short wavelength rail defects or short-wave effects of rail have a significant influence on the system behaviour of railways. The influence of additional dynamic loads due to short-wave effects on component wear and the general quality behaviour of track is shown by several research papers. However, the described effect cannot yet be quantified comprehensively. This paper attempts to fill this gap. With the help of extensive data analysis, we can show that short-wave effects lead to a track geometry that is up to 50% worse than on average. Furthermore, we show examples illustrating the influence of untreated welded joints on the development of isolated defects of the track geometry. A detailed in-depth analysis of sections with different boundary conditions finally shows that short-wave effects have a significant influence on track geometry if the amplitude of the effect exceeds 0.15 mm. This value can be recommended as a threshold value in Austria and as a reference value in other countries.

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Squats on the Great Britain rail network: Possible root causes and research recommendations

Cited by 15 publications

References 16 publications

Analysis and Comparison of Motion Biomechanics Characteristics of Squat Jump and Half-Squat Jump

Analysis and Comparison of Motion Biomechanics Characteristics of Squat Jump and Half-Squat Jump

<b>Influence of a Decarburized Layer on the Formation of Microcracks in Railway Rails: On-site Investigation</b>

The impact of short-wave effects on deterioration of track geometry

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