2013
DOI: 10.1109/tmc.2011.243
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SSD: A Robust RF Location Fingerprint Addressing Mobile Devices' Heterogeneity

Abstract: Abstract-Fingerprint-based methods are widely adopted for indoor localization purpose because of their cost-effectiveness compared to other infrastructure-based positioning systems. However, the popular location fingerprint, Received Signal Strength (RSS), is observed to differ significantly across different devices' hardware even under the same wireless conditions. We derive analytically a robust location fingerprint definition, the Signal Strength Difference (SSD), and verify its performance experimentally u… Show more

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Cited by 222 publications
(91 citation statements)
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“…The main difference between the fundamental fingerprinting method and DIFF is that the latest uses the difference between pairs of APs instead of the use of the absolute RSSI value. SSD [26] takes also the advantages of Signal Strength Differences; however, it selects only independent sets of DIFF. Moreover, the HLF [24] method uses the signal strength ratios between pairs of RSSIs as fingerprints.…”
Section: Rssi Transformations Comparison Based On Svmmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…The main difference between the fundamental fingerprinting method and DIFF is that the latest uses the difference between pairs of APs instead of the use of the absolute RSSI value. SSD [26] takes also the advantages of Signal Strength Differences; however, it selects only independent sets of DIFF. Moreover, the HLF [24] method uses the signal strength ratios between pairs of RSSIs as fingerprints.…”
Section: Rssi Transformations Comparison Based On Svmmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For example, the use of an unsupervised learning [23], the Hyperbolic Location Fingerprinting (HLF) [24], the DIFF method [25], and the Signal Strength Difference method (SSD) [26] are the representative ones. In this paper, a new method applying an intermediate step of absolute RSSI value transformation by making use of ML algorithms is proposed.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…From the simple average RSS [8] which has been used in our example in Table 1, to Gaussian model [32,40] or other complex distributions [10,41], and even histogram representation [11,13] of RSS at a particular location -all have been investigated. Moreover, because of RSS's variability among different client devices under the same wireless condition, other fingerprints like SSD [42], HLF [43], DIFF [44], ordered sequence of RSSs [19] have also emerged.…”
Section: Location Fingerprinting Techniquesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…We proposed the idea of signal strength difference for mobile location in [27] and this idea has been recently used for indoor localization in [8]. SSD uses the difference of signal strengths received at the AP's as a location fingerprint, (6).…”
Section: Rf Localizationmentioning
confidence: 99%