Hydraulic support is an important piece of equipment in a fully mechanized mining face, and it is used to prevent the roof from falling out of control and protect the workers underground. The stability of hydraulic support under different conditions is related to security and must be taken seriously. To analyse the mechanical response of hydraulic support, a rigid-flexible coupling numerical analysis model of the face guard mechanism, which is part of hydraulic support, is established based on the multi-body dynamics software ADAMS. The equivalent spring is used to replace the face sprag ram to analyse the influence of the structural types of face guards on the stability of a coal wall under various coupling conditions with a coal wall. The support characteristics of the face guard mechanism are also explored. Results show that the errors of the contact characteristics of the face guard mechanism between the theoretical and numerical calculations are less than 3 %. Compared with the split face guard, the integral face guard exhibits greater flexibility and more favourable stability under different coupling states. The study provides a reference for optimizing face guards with hydraulic support.