Stability and electronic circuit implementation of Lotka–Volterra model with delay

A new Network Simulation Method for the characterization of delay differential equations

“…Remarkably, both the design and the solution of analogical electric networks constitute an important alternative to other classical numerical procedures. Examples include predator-prey models modeled via analog multipliers, capacitors and resistors and delay Lotka-Volterra via operating amplifiers and multipliers powered by a continuous voltage [30,31]. However, one of the main advantages of the NSM against other electrical analogies is that very few simple electrical devices are required to implement the network model [11].…”