Stability investigations of Cz-PERC modules during damp heat testing and transport: The impact of the boron-oxygen defect

Kersten, F.; Frühauf, Felix; Lantzsch, R.; Schütze, M.; Taubitz, Christian; Fertig, Fabian; Schaper, Martin; Müller, Jörg

doi:10.1063/1.5123869

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The root cause was found to be changes in the open circuit voltage and in the short circuit current which are attributed to the cell material. It is already described in the literature that a stabilized BO defect in Cz-PERC modules can be destabilized during a DH test [9]. It is concluded that part of the high-power losses are an artifact due to the BO defect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Assessing the long-term stability of laser enhanced contact optimization (LECO) treated PERC cells in PV modules by extended indoor and outdoor durability tests

et al. 2023

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It was previously shown that the Laser Enhanced Contact Optimization (LECO) Process is a promising boost for PERC and TOPCon cell manufacturing enhancement. In this contribution, a method is developed to assess the long-term stability of industrial LECO treated PERC cells in a module compound. Therefore, extended accelerated aging tests as well as outdoor measurements were performed on modules comprising LECO treated cells as well as untreated references. It is described, how data can be evaluated to separate typical, known aging and degradation effects from presumable LECO specific effects. The results of this work show that test modules comprising LECO treated cells did not show a different behavior in the accelerated aging or degradation compared to the reference. The same conclusion was found for thermal cycling and damp heat tests, both far in excess of IEC requirements, as well as in a sequential test sequence. In addition, their outdoor performance with local and integral measurements has been evaluated. We can conclude that for the tested PERC cells, aging and degradation effects appeared, but none of them could be attributed to the LECO process. Hence, improvements in the efficiency and/or yield on cell level due to LECO can be translated to the module or even system level considering typical aging and degradation behavior, independently of a prior LECO process.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Assessing the long-term stability of laser enhanced contact optimization (LECO) treated PERC cells in PV modules by extended indoor and outdoor durability tests

et al. 2023

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“…The process is accelerated because of exposure to light and/or high temperature 22 . DH testing may cause LeTID like damage to PERC PV cells, even in the absence of light, as the PV modules are exposed to elevated temperature for an extended duration 23 . For longer periods of exposure a saturation point is reached, since the hydrogen forms a stable bond with existing defects of the cell, a reaction that causes annihilation of the LeTID effect 24 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…22 DH testing may cause LeTID like damage to PERC PV cells, even in the absence of light, as the PV modules are exposed to elevated temperature for an extended duration. 23 For longer periods of exposure a saturation point is reached, since the hydrogen forms a stable bond with existing defects of the cell, a reaction that causes annihilation of the LeTID effect. 24 The parameter affected mainly by LeTID is the open circuit voltage (V OC ), 25,26 possibly due to the variation of the saturation current of the non-ideal diode, appearing on the twodiode model, 27 which represents additional carrier recombinations caused by material defects.…”

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confidence: 99%

Damp‐heat induced degradation in photovoltaic modules manufactured with passivated emitter and rear contact solar cells

Kyranaki

Smith

Yendall

et al. 2022

Progress in Photovoltaics

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Corrosion is one of the main PV module failure mechanisms, as it can cause severe electrical performance degradation in PV modules exposed to hot and humid environments. Moisture penetrating a photovoltaic (PV) module may react with the metallic components causing corrosion. In addition, acetic acid which is produced by hydrolysis of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), the most common encapsulant, may further degrade metallic components. Corrosion is one of the main PV module failure mechanisms, as it can cause severe electrical performance degradation in PV modules exposed to hot and humid environments. The specific chemical reactions involved in the corrosion mechanisms for the different components are well understood. However, which of these causes the most serious degradation in the field, and therefore, most severe power loss is unknown. Moreover, the severity of corrosion in the absence of acetic acid is not yet well researched. This work distinguished between the front and rear side corrosion mechanisms and identified the different electrical signatures observed due to them. The experiment included damp-heat (DH) conditioning of single-cell mini-modules, containing passivated emitter and rear contact (PERC) solar cells, laminated with a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) based backsheet. Furthermore, half-encapsulated PERC PV cells were tested, with either the front or the rear side exposed. Electrical and material characterisation were conducted for the investigation of the sample degradation, and the performance decrease, related to the degradation of the rear surface passivation, was examined.

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Stabilization of light-induced effects in Si modules for IEC 61215 design qualification

et al. 2020

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Stability investigations of Cz-PERC modules during damp heat testing and transport: The impact of the boron-oxygen defect

Cited by 5 publications

References 4 publications

Assessing the long-term stability of laser enhanced contact optimization (LECO) treated PERC cells in PV modules by extended indoor and outdoor durability tests

Assessing the long-term stability of laser enhanced contact optimization (LECO) treated PERC cells in PV modules by extended indoor and outdoor durability tests

Damp‐heat induced degradation in photovoltaic modules manufactured with passivated emitter and rear contact solar cells

Stabilization of light-induced effects in Si modules for IEC 61215 design qualification

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