Stability of Erythrocyte-Derived Nanovesicles Assessed by Light Scattering and Electron Microscopy

Božič, Darja; Hočevar, Matej; Kisovec, Matic; Pajnič, Manca; Pađen, Ljubiša; Jeran, Marko; Zavec, Apolonija Bedina; Podobnik, Marjetka; Kogej, Ksenija; Iglič, Aleš; Kralj‐Iglič, Veronika

doi:10.3390/ijms222312772

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 101 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Once isolated, it is pivotal to properly characterize EVs in their morphological, biophysical, and biochemical features. However, due to their heterogeneity in size and composition and the lack of standardized protocols, it is hard to quantify and characterize EVs with a good reproducibility ( Božič et al, 2021 ). Different techniques have been developed to study EVs in terms of size, distribution, topology, and phenotype.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-resolution atomic force microscopy as a tool for topographical mapping of surface budding

Sbarigia

Tacconi²,

Mura³

et al. 2022

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membranous nanoparticles secreted by almost all cell types. Reflecting the physiopathological state of the parental cell, EVs circulate in all body fluids, reaching distant cell targets and delivering different bioactive cargoes. As biological carriers, EVs influence their microenvironment altering cellular responses, being considered promising biomarkers for both physiological and pathological conditions. EVs are heterogeneous in terms of size and composition, depending on cell type and exposure to stimuli, and different methods have been developed to characterize their morphological, biophysical, and biochemical features. Among them, electron microscopy (EM) is the main technique used, however, the lack of standardized protocols makes it difficult to characterize EVs with a good reproducibility, thus using multiple approaches may represent a way to obtain more precise information. Furthermore, the relationship between architecture and function, not only in a molecular, but also in a cellular level, is gaining growing emphasis, characterizing morphometric parameters may represent a distinct, but effective approach to study the physiopathological state of the cell. Atomic force microscopy (AFM), may represent a promising method to study in detail EVs dynamics throughout the cell surface and its variations related to the physiological state, overcoming the limits of EM, and providing more reliable information. In this study, human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line, a cellular model to investigate neurodegeneration and oxidative stress, has been used to perform a comparative morphological and quantitative analysis of membrane budding and isolated large vesicles-enriched (microvesicles-like vesicles; MVs) fraction from control or oxidative stressed cells. Our main goal was to build up a methodology to characterize EVs morphology and spatial distribution over the cell surface in different physiological conditions, and to evaluate the efficacy of AFM against conventional EM. Interestingly, both microscopy techniques were effective for this analysis, but AFM allowed to reveal a differential profiling of plasma membrane budding between the physiological and the stress condition, indicating a potential relationship between mechanical characteristics and functional role. The results obtained may provide interesting perspectives for the use of AFM to study EVs, validating a morphometric approach to understand the pathophysiological state of the cell related to EVs trafficking.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-resolution atomic force microscopy as a tool for topographical mapping of surface budding

Sbarigia

Tacconi²,

Mura³

et al. 2022

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Samples were prepared for SEM by a protocol [ 53 ] adopted from [ 54 ]. Cultures and SCP isolates were applied on polycarbonate filter membranes (0.2 micron Isopore TM , ref.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction between Microalgae P. tricornutum and Bacteria Thalassospira sp. for Removal of Bisphenols from Conditioned Media

Škufca

Božič

Hočevar

et al. 2022

IJMS

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We studied the efficiency of three culture series of the microalgae Phaeodactylum tricornutum (P. tricornutum) and bacteria Thalassospira sp. (axenic microalgae, bacterial culture and co-culture of the two) in removing bisphenols (BPs) from their growth medium. Bacteria were identified by 16S ribosomal RNA polymerase chain reaction (16S rRNA PCR). The microorganism growth rate was determined by flow cytometry. Cultures and isolates of their small cellular particles (SCPs) were imaged by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (Cryo-TEM). BPs were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). Our results indicate that some organisms may have the ability to remove a specific pollutant with high efficiency. P. tricornutum in axenic culture and in mixed culture removed almost all (more than 99%) of BPC2. Notable differences in the removal of 8 out of 18 BPs between the axenic, mixed and bacterial cultures were found. The overall removals of BPs in axenic P. tricornutum, mixed and bacterial cultures were 11%, 18% and 10%, respectively. Finding the respective organisms and creating microbe societies seems to be key for the improvement of wastewater treatment. As a possible mediating factor, numerous small cellular particles from all three cultures were detected by electron microscopy. Further research on the mechanisms of interspecies communication is needed to advance the understanding of microbial communities at the nano-level.

show abstract

“…Over the last decade, there was a massive upsurge in studies investigating the therapeutic applications of blood cell-derived EVs (BC-EVs) due largely to their exceptional advantages over EVs originated from other cell types. BC-EVs are conveniently accessible from human blood and since blood cells are the most abundant cells in the human body, scalable amounts of BC-EVs can be provided at low cost [151][152][153][154]. Red blood cells and platelets are the most widely used sources of BC-EVs in preclinical and clinical studies [155,156].…”

Section: Blood Cell-derived Evsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different Sourced Extracellular Vesicles and Their Potential Applications in Clinical Treatments

Bahmani

Ullah²

2022

Cells

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) include a heterogeneous group of natural cell-derived nanostructures that are increasingly regarded as promising biotherapeutic agents and drug delivery vehicles in human medicine. Desirable intrinsic properties of EVs including the ability to bypass natural membranous barriers and to deliver their unique biomolecular cargo to specific cell populations position them as fiercely competitive alternatives for currently available cell therapies and artificial drug delivery platforms. EVs with distinct characteristics can be released from various cell types into the extracellular environment as a means of transmitting bioactive components and altering the status of the target cell. Despite the existence of a large number of preclinical studies confirming the therapeutic efficacy of different originated EVs for treating several pathological conditions, in this review, we first provide a brief overview of EV biophysical properties with an emphasis on their intrinsic therapeutic benefits over cell-based therapies and synthetic delivery systems. Next, we describe in detail different EVs derived from distinct cell sources, compare their advantages and disadvantages, and recapitulate their therapeutic effects on various human disorders to highlight the progress made in harnessing EVs for clinical applications. Finally, knowledge gaps and concrete hurdles that currently hinder the clinical translation of EV therapies are debated with a futuristic perspective.

show abstract

Stability of Erythrocyte-Derived Nanovesicles Assessed by Light Scattering and Electron Microscopy

Cited by 14 publications

References 101 publications

High-resolution atomic force microscopy as a tool for topographical mapping of surface budding

High-resolution atomic force microscopy as a tool for topographical mapping of surface budding

Interaction between Microalgae P. tricornutum and Bacteria Thalassospira sp. for Removal of Bisphenols from Conditioned Media

Different Sourced Extracellular Vesicles and Their Potential Applications in Clinical Treatments

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About