Stability of mechanically and chemically dispersed oil: Effect of particle types on oil dispersion

Loh, Andrew; Shankar, Ravi; Ha, Sung Yong; An, Joon Geon; Yim, Un Hyuk

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135343

Cited by 23 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Our mesocosm experiment was not designed to differentiate these two types of sedimentation of PAHs and what we report here is a combination of these two mechanisms. The presence of suspended particulate matter (SPM) increased significantly oil stability for both mechanically-dispersed oil (WAF) and chemically-dispersed oil (DCEWAF and CEWAF), yet the latter usually has a higher oil dispersion effectiveness [72]. The stability of MOS-like aggregates, such as the mechanically and chemically-dispersed oil with SPM, depends on the physicochemical properties of the mineral particle [72].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence of suspended particulate matter (SPM) increased significantly oil stability for both mechanically-dispersed oil (WAF) and chemically-dispersed oil (DCEWAF and CEWAF), yet the latter usually has a higher oil dispersion effectiveness [72]. The stability of MOS-like aggregates, such as the mechanically and chemically-dispersed oil with SPM, depends on the physicochemical properties of the mineral particle [72]. The MOS is a complex matrix of various substances and mineral particles, where its surface properties such as polarity, hydrophobicity, and expandable interlayer spaces can affect the affinity of MOS towards oil, which in turn affects the stability of MOS-oil/PAHs interactions [73,74].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Marine Snow Aggregates are Enriched in Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Oil Contaminated Waters: Insights from a Mesocosm Study

Bacosa

Kamalanathan

Cullen

et al. 2020

JMSE

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Marine snow was implicated in the transport of oil to the seafloor during the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, but the exact processes remain controversial. In this study, we investigated the concentrations and distributions of the 16 USEPA priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in marine snow aggregates collected during a mesocosm experiment. Seawater only, oil in a water accommodated fraction (WAF), and Corexit-enhanced WAF (DCEWAF) were incubated for 16 d. Both WAF and DCEWAF aggregates were enriched in heavy molecular weight PAHs but depleted in naphthalene. DCEWAF aggregates had 2.6 times more total 16 PAHs than the WAF (20.5 vs. 7.8 µg/g). Aggregates in the WAF and DCEWAF incorporated 4.4% and 19.3%, respectively of the total PAHs in the mesocosm tanks. Our results revealed that marine snow sorbed and scavenged heavy molecular weight PAHs in the water column and the application of Corexit enhanced the incorporation of PAHs into the sinking aggregates.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marine Snow Aggregates are Enriched in Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Oil Contaminated Waters: Insights from a Mesocosm Study

Bacosa

Kamalanathan

Cullen

et al. 2020

JMSE

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“…By measuring the Thorpe scale, we posit that the CVS side surface-bound naturally buoyant particles were likely to experience eddies capable of submerging them up to a depth of 14.2 m with no such processes on the WHS side. The higher TKED on the vertical stratification side (or CVS side) has implications on the air-sea gas fluxes velocity, K g ∼ 1/4 [45] and it is essential for the oil industry [46] due to higher turbulence enhancing the biodegradation of oil [47]. As fronts are common over the global ocean, the observed asymmetric response of the turbulence and their considerable variations across the front should be considered in the ocean-atmosphere climate system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asymmetric Frontal Response across the Gulf of Mexico Front in Winter 2016

Barzegar

Bogucki

Haus

et al. 2021

JMSE

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The interaction of cold-vertically stratified (CVS) Mississippi River water with warm-horizontally stratified (WHS) Gulf of Mexico water resulted in a front that affected the oceanic surface layer. Our cross-frontal observations demonstrated two vertical layers. The cross-frontal deep layer (9–30 m) averaged a temperature dissipation rate (TD) varied by a factor of 1000 and was larger on the CVS side. The near-surface layer (0–9 m) averaged TD did not vary significantly across the front. The deep layer frontal asymmetry coincided with depths where the Thorpe scale was large. The situation was similar for the layer averaged turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate (TKED). Within both layers, the averaged-TKED values were 10–30 times larger on the CVS side. The surface turbulent heat flux was up to 4 times larger on the WHS side. The observed asymmetric response of the turbulence across the front could play a significant role in the ocean-atmosphere climate system.

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“…The interaction between oil droplets and suspended particulate matter (SPM) has been the focus of investigation in several studies, not only in concerns to its properties, but also related to the variables that characterize its formation (Owens 1999;Lee et al 2001Lee et al , 2003Khelifa et al 2003Khelifa et al , 2005Muschenheim & Lee, 2002;Loh 2020). Oil-SPM Aggregates (OSA) are effective measures to cleanse oil spills.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of the Toxic Potential of the Formation of Oil-Suspended Particulate Matter Aggregates (OSA) in a Simulated Microscale Experiment

2021

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The aggregation of suspended particulate matter (SPM) and oil droplets in environments with specific hydrodynamic energy can lead to the formation of Oil-SPM Aggregates (OSA). A laboratory simulation was conducted in order to examine the possible toxic potential of OSA formation using three different concentrations of particulate material (50, 200, 300 mg/L) in a microscale experiment. The procedure was performed through toxicological testing of acute exposure to determine the LC 50 (lethal concentration 50%) using the microcrustacean Artemia salina as a test organism. Serial dilutions were made from surface and bottom samples in order to characterize different toxicity. The concentration that showed the highest potential toxicity was 200 mg/L, having the same values for surface and bottom (LC 50 7.91%), whereas the concentration with the least toxic potential was 300 mg/L (LC 50 31.5%) for surface samples. Negative correlation was found between redox potential and the hydrogenionic potential (only for samples with 200 mg/L of sediment), and positive correlation was found between toxicity factors (percent dilution and mortality) and the other monitored parameters.

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Stability of mechanically and chemically dispersed oil: Effect of particle types on oil dispersion

Cited by 23 publications

References 39 publications

Marine Snow Aggregates are Enriched in Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Oil Contaminated Waters: Insights from a Mesocosm Study

Marine Snow Aggregates are Enriched in Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Oil Contaminated Waters: Insights from a Mesocosm Study

Asymmetric Frontal Response across the Gulf of Mexico Front in Winter 2016

Determination of the Toxic Potential of the Formation of Oil-Suspended Particulate Matter Aggregates (OSA) in a Simulated Microscale Experiment

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