Stability of pea DDMP saponin and the mechanism of its decomposition

Comparison of saponin composition and content in wild soybean (Glycine soja Sieb. and Zucc.) before and after germination

“…It has been reported that extraction times longer than 1 h did not affect the amount of saponins extraction and the ratio of DDMP and group B saponins remained constant in 24 h extracted samples at < 30°C. 19) From our preliminary experiments using 10-fold volumes of 80% aqueous methanol at room temperature (25°C), we found that 12-24 h for intact hypocotyls and 30-60 min for milled cotyledons and seedling tissues gives maximum extraction of group A and DDMP saponins without degradation (data not shown). In addition, we found that (i) saponins were not extracted well from intact cotyledons or sliced cotyledon (1 mm thick) in the period of 12-24 h and (ii) a higher extraction time (>30 h) would cause saponins degradation.…”

“…18,19) The removal of DDMP group from saponins in water solutions becomes more pronounced, with a 50, 75, and 95% decrease in DDMP saponin concentration after 75 min at 60, 75, and 90°C, respectively. 19) The loss of DDMP group can be completely prevented for 90 min by the presence of >30% ethanol (v/v) at 65°C. From this, anyone can readily interpret that temperature plays a vital role in DDMP saponins degradation.…”

The influence of dietary raw and extruded field peas (<i>Pisum sativum</i> L.) on nutrients digestibility and performance of weaned and fattening pigs

“…In conclusion, extrusion significantly influenced the chemical composition of pea seeds but it did not improve the production results of the animals. Alonso et al, 1998;Salgado et al, 2002a,b;Duranti, 2006;Heng et al, 2006;Jamroz and Kubizna, 2008;Jezierny et al, 2010). Recently, considerable progress in plant breeding has been observed, and low ANF legume cultivars have become available (Jezierny et al, 2010).…”

Phytochemicals in Soy and Their Health Effects

“…Group E saponins differ from group A and B by having a carbonyl group at C-22. Group B saponins may contain a DDMP (2,3-dihydro-2,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one) moiety at C-22 position, which are www.intechopen.com denoted as DDMP saponins (66) (Figure 3) . DDMP soyasaponins and the acetylated soyasaponins of group A are sometimes considered as the genuine forms of groups A and B in soybeans.…”

“…The most abundant soy phytoserol is -sitosterol (64), followed by campesterol (69) (112). These sterols can be divided into four groups based on their backbones, cholesterol (62), cholesta (63), stigmasta (64)(65)(66)(67)(68) and ergosta (69-75) (Figure 6). Compounds 62 and 63 have the same backbone except for the type of bond between C-24 and C-25.…”