Stability of Quantum Dots, Quantum Dot Films, and Quantum Dot Light‐Emitting Diodes for Display Applications

Moon, Hyungsuk; Lee, Changmin; Lee, Woosuk; Kim, Jung-Woo; Chae, Heeyeop

doi:10.1002/adma.201804294

Cited by 558 publications

(450 citation statements)

References 139 publications

(217 reference statements)

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“…Furthermore, the protected PQDs integrated with the less hydrophobic aerogel achieves strong PL even after 24 h as shown in Figure S15b (Supporting Information), and are hence more stable than the PQD powders without protection (see Figure 5b) and then the protected PQDs integrated with SBA-15 (see Figure S15a in the Supporting Information). The AeroPQDs maintain a PL intensity of 50% after aging for 49 h (24 h under UV irradiance with 6 W output optical power); on the other hand, the PL intensity of PQDs dramatically drops to below 20% after UV irradiance for 6 h. [12] After demonstrating the remarkable stability of the Aer-oPQDs against water and UV irradiance, their performance in WLEDs was then thoroughly analyzed. [65] In addition, the internal porous structure also helps obstructing water by increasing its path before getting into contact with the adsorbed PQDs, which is the main reason why AeroPQDs soaked in water expand while still maintaining a high PLQY.…”

Section: Wwwadvmattechnoldementioning

confidence: 99%

“…[7][8][9][10] For practical applications, the cost-effectiveness, the optical performance, and the stability of PQDs should be further improved. [11,12] Accordingly, PQDs exhibit much lower stability than conventional rare-earth-based phosphor materials. [11,12] Accordingly, PQDs exhibit much lower stability than conventional rare-earth-based phosphor materials.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Highly Efficient and Water‐Stable Lead Halide Perovskite Quantum Dots Using Superhydrophobic Aerogel Inorganic Matrix for White Light‐Emitting Diodes

Song

et al. 2020

Adv Materials Technologies

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hence have drawn a lot of attention as down-conversion materials for white lightemitting diodes (WLEDs). [7][8][9][10] For practical applications, the cost-effectiveness, the optical performance, and the stability of PQDs should be further improved. [4] Particularly, PQDs suffer from low chemical and optical stabilities, resulting in their fast degradation under exposure to moisture, heat, and light irradiance. [11,12] Accordingly, PQDs exhibit much lower stability than conventional rare-earth-based phosphor materials. [13,14] Current research efforts therefore aim at enhancing the stability of PQDs by covering them in inorganic materials, including CdS, [15] zeolite, [16,17] glass, [18,19] CaF 2 , [20] Al 2 O 3 , [21][22][23] SiO 2 , [24][25][26][27][28][29] and TiO 2 . [30] Generally, the protective shells of PQDs are prepared using these inorganic materials by in situ synthesis. While protected PQDs with high chemical, thermal, and irradiation stabilities have been obtained, [28] the water stability of PQDs prepared with these inorganic shells still indicate a lot of room for improvement. For instance, the PL intensity of CaF 2 shell-integrated green PQDs reduces to <50% after a water-resistance test of ≈40 h. [20] Consequently, and until now, PQDs with high water stability are achieved by embedding them in enclosed organic polymer and glass matrices. [18,19,[31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39] The hydrophobic surface and dense polymer chains of the matrix can effectively protect the PQDs from the external environment, considerably enhancing their At present, most of lead halide perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) embedded in an enclosed organic polymer or glass matrix can achieve high water stability, yet this limits their subsequent integration with light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and other functional materials. Herein, a postadsorption process using superhydrophobic aerogel inorganic matrix (S-AIM) with open structures is presented to enhance water stability of PQDs and compose newfunctions to them such as magnetism. The CsPbBr 3 PQDs integrated with the S-AIM (AeroPQDs) exhibit a high relative photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY, 75.6%) of 90.9% compared to pristine PQDs (PLQY, 83.2%). They preserve their initial PL intensity after 11 days of soaking in water and achieve a high relative PLQY stability (50.5%) after soaking for 3.5 months. The hydrophobic (rough) surface of the matrix, its pores with a well-matched mean diameter that promotes the homogeneous integration of PQDs and hinders the penetration of water as well as the oleophylic functional groups covering the surface of these pores are the three factors responsible for the high water stability. Finally, AeroPQDs are easily integrated with other functional nanomaterials, such as Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles for magnetic manipulation, due to their open structure.

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Section: Wwwadvmattechnoldementioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Highly Efficient and Water‐Stable Lead Halide Perovskite Quantum Dots Using Superhydrophobic Aerogel Inorganic Matrix for White Light‐Emitting Diodes

Song

et al. 2020

Adv Materials Technologies

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“…Micro‐LED displays bring the stability and brightness of inorganic semiconductors to higher‐resolution displays, but the necessity of handling microscale semiconductor components implies fabrication challenges and limits flexibility in display design. An alternative route is the printing of quantum dot light‐emitting diodes (QLEDs) from particle dispersion: quantum dots (QDs) that individually emit light are deposited in suitable stacks in order to create displays . The QDs are composed of inorganic semiconductors and thus potentially more stable and brighter than organic semiconductors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐Resolution Inkjet Printing of Quantum Dot Light‐Emitting Microdiode Arrays

Yang

Zhang

Kang

et al. 2019

Advanced Optical Materials

189

132

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The direct printing of microscale quantum dot light‐emitting diodes (QLEDs) is a cost‐effective alternative to the placement of pre‐formed LEDs. The quality of printed QLEDs currently is limited by nonuniformities in droplet formation, wetting, and drying during inkjet printing. Here, optimal ink formulation which can suppress nonuniformities at the pixel and array levels is demonstrated. A solvent mixture is used to tune the ejected droplet size, ensure wetting, and provoke Marangoni flows that prevent coffee stain rings. Arrays of green QLED devices are printed at a resolution of 500 pixels in.−1 with a maximum luminance of ≈3000 cd m−2 and a peak current efficiency of 2.8 cd A−1. The resulting array quality is sufficient to print displays at state‐of‐the‐art resolutions.

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“…Colloidal semiconductor quantum dot (QD) thin films have various applications in optoelectronic devices because of an easily adjustable bandgap, solution‐based processing, and the potential to overcome the Shockley–Queisser limit in solar cells by exploiting carrier multiplication . Due to their high surface‐to‐volume ratio many QD materials suffer from oxidative and photothermal degradation; this is detrimental to the material properties . One way of improving the stability is synthesizing core–shell structures, but this often prevents extraction of one or both charge carriers …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic Layer Deposition of ZnO on InP Quantum Dot Films for Charge Separation, Stabilization, and Solar Cell Formation

Crisp

Hashemi

Alkemade

et al. 2020

Adv Materials Inter

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To improve the stability and carrier mobility of quantum dot (QD) optoelectronic devices, encapsulation or pore infilling processes are advantageous. Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is an ideal technique to infill and overcoat QD films, as it provides excellent control over film growth at the sub‐nanometer scale and results in conformal coatings with mild processing conditions. Different thicknesses of crystalline ZnO films deposited on InP QD films are studied with spectrophotometry and time‐resolved microwave conductivity measurements. High carrier mobilities of 4 cm2 (V s)−1 and charge separation between the QDs and ZnO are observed. Furthermore, the results confirm that the stability of QD thin films is strongly improved when the inorganic ALD coating is applied. Finally, proof‐of‐concept photovoltaic devices of InP QD films are demonstrated with an ALD‐grown ZnO electron extraction layer.

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Stability of Quantum Dots, Quantum Dot Films, and Quantum Dot Light‐Emitting Diodes for Display Applications

Cited by 558 publications

References 139 publications

Highly Efficient and Water‐Stable Lead Halide Perovskite Quantum Dots Using Superhydrophobic Aerogel Inorganic Matrix for White Light‐Emitting Diodes

Highly Efficient and Water‐Stable Lead Halide Perovskite Quantum Dots Using Superhydrophobic Aerogel Inorganic Matrix for White Light‐Emitting Diodes

High‐Resolution Inkjet Printing of Quantum Dot Light‐Emitting Microdiode Arrays

Atomic Layer Deposition of ZnO on InP Quantum Dot Films for Charge Separation, Stabilization, and Solar Cell Formation

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