“…When designing an ANN, this property can be reproduced by means of the hysteresis activation function (HAF). At the moment, there are a large number of mathematical models of hysteresis, which can be used to construct the HAF, for instance the Bouc-Wen model [18][19][20][21] or the S-converter model [22]. However, with regard to the hardware implementation of hysteresis in the UNC, the Preisach model [23][24][25][26][27][28] proves to be more practical, since it is the simplest and the most scalable from the point of view of finite automata theory.…”