Stabilization of lead bearing sludge by utilization in fly ash-slag based geopolymer

Ababneh, Fuad A.; Alakhras, Abbas I.; Heikal, Mohamed; Ibrahim, Sahar M.

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.116694

Cited by 41 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Some important physical properties were followed via assessments of total porosity (TP), bulk density (BD), and water absorption (WA) values at definite time intervals According to ASTM (C140 and C150) [22]. Equations 1, 2, and 3 are used to calculate BD, TP, and WA, respectively.…”

Section: Methods and Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of alum sludge waste for production of eco-friendly blended cement

Mohamed

El-Gamal

Farghali

2022

J Mater Cycles Waste Manag

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This work was focused on evaluating the suitability of replacing Portland cement (PC) by 5, 10 and 15 mass % of activated alum sludge waste (AAS) as a pozzolanic material. Exploitation of low-cost nanocomposite for bolstering the physical, mechanical, and stability against firing of PC–AAS-hardened composites was inspected. CuFe2O4 spinel nanoparticle with average particle size (~ 50 nm) was prepared. Inclusion of CuFe2O4 spinel in different PC–AAS-hardened composites bolsters their physicomechanical features at almost normal curing ages as well as their stability against firing. The positive impact of synthesized CuFe2O4 spinel was affirmed via TGA/DTG and XRD techniques, which indicated the presence of diverse hydration yields such as CSHs, CASHs, CFSH, and CuSH that enhance the overall physicomechanical characteristics and thermal stability of various PC–AAS-hardened composites. The composite containing (90 PC–10 AAS waste–2 CuFe2O4) offers many benefits from the economic and environmental view. Graphical abstract

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Section: Methods and Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of alum sludge waste for production of eco-friendly blended cement

Mohamed

El-Gamal

Farghali

2022

J Mater Cycles Waste Manag

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“…Recent studies have focused on evaluating the properties of formulations of granulated blast furnace slag [18,19], fly ash [20,21], and metakaolin-based geopolymers [22], showing the enormous potential of geopolymer development of an environmentallyfriendly construction material. In this research, the emphasis was not the optimization of metakaolin-based geopolymer performance, but to explore the relationship between the macro-strength and micromorphology of samples and various Si/Al (Na/Al) molar ratios.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Various Si/Al, Na/Al Molar Ratios and Free Water on Micromorphology and Macro-Strength of Metakaolin-Based Geopolymer

Wang

Xing

et al. 2021

Materials

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The current work aimed to explore the effect of Na/Al ratios of 0.43, 0.53, 0.63, 0.73, 0.83, and 0.93, using NaOH to alter the molar ratio, on the mechanical properties of a geopolymer material, with fixing of the Si/Al molar ratio. While fixing the Na/Al molar ratio, alteration of the Si/Al ratios to 1.7, 1.75, 1.8, 1.85, 1.9, 1.95 was used, with silica fume and sodium silicate as a silica corrector. The influence on the micromorphology and macro-strength of samples was characterized through SEM, EDS, and compressive strength characterization methods. The results show that Si/Al and Na/Al molar ratios play a significant role in the microstructure and mechanical behavior of MK-based geopolymers, and revealed that the optimal molar Si/Al and Na/Al ratios for attaining maximum mechanical strength in geopolymers are 1.9 and 0.73, respectively. Under various Si/Al ratios, the macro-strength of the geopolymer mainly relies on the formation of NASH gel, rather than zeolites or silicate derivatives. The appropriate Na/Al molar ratio can contribute to the geopolymerization, but a ultra-high Na/Al molar ratio caused a high alkali state that destroyed the microstructure of the geopolymers. Regardless of the amount of water contained in the initial geopolymer raw material, the water content of Si/Al = 1.65 and Si/Al = 1.75 after curing for 10 days was almost the same, and the bound water content of the final geopolymer was maintained at about 15%. Structural water exists in geological polymer gels in the form of a chemical structure. It has effects on the structural performance strength, while free water affects the volume stability of the geological polymer. Overall, the current work provides a perspective on the elemental composition analysis, combined with the molecular structure and micromorphology, to explore the mechanical performance of geopolymers.

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“…FA has several excellent properties such as the enhancement of durability [ 13 , 14 ], workability [ 15 ], and low shrinkage, the reduction in porosity and microcracks in the microstructure of cementitious mixtures, and the lowering of hydration reaction temperatures [ 16 ]. Moreover, the presence of FA leads to a decrease in the amount and rate of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) release [ 17 , 18 , 19 ]. To investigate the impact of fly ash particle concentration on induced dielectric properties, AC conductivity, electrical energy storage and recovery, static and dynamic mechanical behavior, and thermal properties, the prepared composites were tested via several experimental techniques varying the amounts of fly ash.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

End-Of-Use Fly Ash as an Effective Reinforcing Filler in Green Polymer Composites

Patsidis

Souliotis

2023

Polymers

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The aim of this study is to use fly ash powder in an environmentally friendly matrix, in a novel way, addressing environmental and disposal problems. Fly ash/epoxy composites were prepared and studied varying the filler content. An investigation of structural and morphological characteristics was conducted using of X-ray diffraction patterns and scanning electron microscopy images, which revealed the successful fabrication of composites. Thermomechanical properties were studied via dynamic mechanical analysis and static mechanical tests. The composites exhibited an improved mechanical response. Broadband dielectric spectroscopy was used to investigate the dielectric response of the composite systems over the frequency range from 10−1 to 107 Hz and the temperature range from 30 to 160 °C. The analysis revealed the presence of three relaxation processes in the spectra of the tested systems. Interfacial polarization, the glass-to-rubber transition of the polymer matrix, and the rearrangement of polar side groups along the polymer chain are the processes that occur under a descending relaxation time. It was found that dielectric permittivity increases with filler content. Finally, the influence of filler content and the applied voltage under dc conditions was analyzed to determine the ability of the composites to store and retrieve electric energy. Fly ash improved the efficiency of the storing/retrieving energy of the composites.

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Stabilization of lead bearing sludge by utilization in fly ash-slag based geopolymer

Cited by 41 publications

References 44 publications

Utilization of alum sludge waste for production of eco-friendly blended cement

Utilization of alum sludge waste for production of eco-friendly blended cement

The Effect of Various Si/Al, Na/Al Molar Ratios and Free Water on Micromorphology and Macro-Strength of Metakaolin-Based Geopolymer

End-Of-Use Fly Ash as an Effective Reinforcing Filler in Green Polymer Composites

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