2021
DOI: 10.3390/ma14143845
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The Effect of Various Si/Al, Na/Al Molar Ratios and Free Water on Micromorphology and Macro-Strength of Metakaolin-Based Geopolymer

Abstract: The current work aimed to explore the effect of Na/Al ratios of 0.43, 0.53, 0.63, 0.73, 0.83, and 0.93, using NaOH to alter the molar ratio, on the mechanical properties of a geopolymer material, with fixing of the Si/Al molar ratio. While fixing the Na/Al molar ratio, alteration of the Si/Al ratios to 1.7, 1.75, 1.8, 1.85, 1.9, 1.95 was used, with silica fume and sodium silicate as a silica corrector. The influence on the micromorphology and macro-strength of samples was characterized through SEM, EDS, and co… Show more

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Cited by 33 publications
(17 citation statements)
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“…Therefore, an increased Si/Al ratio led to a denser microstructure of geopolymers produced, thus contributing to enhanced strength performance, and this was concluded by He et al [ 64 ], which proved that a denser microstructure with increasing Si/Al ratio contributed to high mechanical property performance. The findings were also supported by Wang et al [ 65 ], who determined the effects of Si/Al, Na/Al, and free water on micromorphology and the macro strength of metakaolin-based geopolymers. The characteristics of SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 , which are used to control the glass phase viscosity, are closely related to the properties of artificial aggregates, and according to Kwek et al [ 66 ], aluminate plus silicate reactions are faster than silicate reactions alone.…”
Section: Geopolymers As Artificial Aggregatessupporting
confidence: 77%
“…Therefore, an increased Si/Al ratio led to a denser microstructure of geopolymers produced, thus contributing to enhanced strength performance, and this was concluded by He et al [ 64 ], which proved that a denser microstructure with increasing Si/Al ratio contributed to high mechanical property performance. The findings were also supported by Wang et al [ 65 ], who determined the effects of Si/Al, Na/Al, and free water on micromorphology and the macro strength of metakaolin-based geopolymers. The characteristics of SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 , which are used to control the glass phase viscosity, are closely related to the properties of artificial aggregates, and according to Kwek et al [ 66 ], aluminate plus silicate reactions are faster than silicate reactions alone.…”
Section: Geopolymers As Artificial Aggregatessupporting
confidence: 77%
“…The silicate modulus (Ms) of the sodium silicate solution controls the extent of gepolymerization and hence affects parameters like setting, viscosity, and strength. − Commonly used ratios fall within the range of 0.6 to 2 with the authors reporting various optimum values. − It was necessary to determine the minimum Ms that would help to achieve a workable solution. Figure compares the behavior of alkaline solutions with Ms of 0.7, 0.9, and 1.1.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In 2005, Palomo et al 20 conducted a comprehensive investigation of the microstructural morphology of FA-based geopolymers at different material phases using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy and proposed a descriptive model for geopolymer at the microscopic level based on the "Glukhovsky" model. In 2010, Criado proposed a nanostructure model for geopolymer, 21 followed by the discovery in 2013 by Myers and coauthors that the [C-(N)-A-S-H] gels formed in slag-based geopolymers can be substantially cross-linked to each other. They proposed the cross-linked substituted tobermorite model (CSTM), which can more accurately depict the spectral and density information of the material and estimate the average chain length of C-(N)-A-S-H gel.…”
Section: Geopolymerization Processmentioning
confidence: 99%