Stabilizing ultrahigh-nickel layered oxide cathodes for high-voltage lithium metal batteries

Zhang, Xianhui; Zou, Lianfeng; Cui, Zehao; Jia, Hao; Engelhard, Mark H.; Matthews, Bethany E.; Cao, Xia; Xie, Qiang; Wang, Chongmin; Manthiram, Arumugam; Zhang, Ji‐Guang; Xu, Wu

doi:10.1016/j.mattod.2021.01.013

Cited by 67 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 50 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Manufacturing high performance LIBs suitable for commercial applications requires systematic optimization of several parameters including: i) electrolyte composition and additives, ii) anode/cathode selection and capacity ratios (N/P ratio), and iii) formation cycling protocols. [49] Considering their similarities with well-established commercial cathodes (i.e., NCA and NMC), low-Co/Co-free Ni-rich layered oxide cathodes can likely be integrated into high energy cells after relatively minor processing changes. On the other hand, emerging cathode formulations (e.g., DRX systems) will probably require more extensive optimization of the battery assembly process.…”

Section: Battery Assemblymentioning

confidence: 99%

Next‐Generation Cobalt‐Free Cathodes – A Prospective Solution to the Battery Industry's Cobalt Problem

Muralidharan

Self

Dixit

et al. 2022

Advanced Energy Materials

100

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

manufacturing is increasingly challenged to secure a more resilient and sustainable material supply chain for decades to come.Among those challenges, cobalt stands out as a key ingredient for cathode production and accounts for roughly 25-30% of the overall battery cost. [2] This situation will continue for the next several years, as the state-of-the art Li-ion battery technology is not yet ready to depart from cobalt-containing cathodes, such as LiNi 0.8 Co 0.15 Al 0.05 O 2 (NCA) and LiNi x Mn y Co 1−x−y O 2 (NMC). In recent years, cobalt prices have nearly tripled due to increased demand driven by supply chain constraints (Figure 1a), creating unpredictable scenarios for battery manufacturing. Today's cobalt price is nearly 60% higher than that of nickel, the latter being the second most critical element used in LIBs. In a recent report, the Cobalt Development Institute reported that roughly 40% of global cobalt production is directed toward LIBs, and the remaining 60% is geared toward wide range of applications including catalysts, magnets, super alloys, and pigments (Figure 1b). [5] These statistics highlight a scenario where limited availability of cobalt could hinder growth of the EV market.The growth associated with the millions of EVs that are projected to be on the road by 2050 will outpace Co availability in the coming decades. Unless Co-free cathodes and/ or recycling solutions are implemented for EV batteries, Co demand will exceed global cobalt reserves available for battery manufacturing before 2045 (Figure 1c) (this calculation uses metrics from known global cobalt reserves, ≈7 million metric ton total, [6,7] however, if we recompute assuming conservative mining efficiencies of ≈70% and cobalt directed toward battery manufacturing industries to be ≈40%, the total usable battery specific cobalt from the total reserves reduces to ≈2 million metric ton). This alarming scenario clearly illustrates that present-day LIBs are overreliant on cobalt as a critical resource. It is noteworthy to highlight the pivotal role that the U.S. Department of Energy played during the last two decades to reduce LIB cost by nearly eightfold with a goal to further reduce LIB cost to less than $60 kWh −1 by 2030. This new goal requires lowering the cathode's cobalt content to less than 50 mg Wh −1 at the cell level along with other manufacturing cost reductions. If this goal becomes a reality, global battery manufacturers will need a few years to integrate these novel Lithium-ion batteries are overreliant on cobalt containing cathodes. Current projections estimate that hundreds of millions of electric vehicles (EVs) will be on the road by 2050, and this ever-growing demand threatens to deplete global cobalt reserves at an alarming rate. Moreover, cobalt supply chain issues have significantly increased cobalt prices throughout the last decade. As such, energy storage research and development need to reduce the reliance on cobalt to meet ever-growing demand for lithium-ion batteries. The present review summarizes the science ...

show abstract

Section: Battery Assemblymentioning

confidence: 99%

Next‐Generation Cobalt‐Free Cathodes – A Prospective Solution to the Battery Industry's Cobalt Problem

Muralidharan

Self

Dixit

et al. 2022

Advanced Energy Materials

100

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, due to more decomposition of Li salt anions, the CEI formed in the LHCE of 1.1 M LiDFOB–DMMP/HFE has abundant LiF. According to the work of Xu et al , 55 the robust LiF-enriched CEI could more effectively suppress the side reactions between the active cathode surface and electrolyte and prevent the structural transformation. Besides, the ICP-OES results demonstrate that the stable CEI is also conducive to inhibit the transition-metal dissolution of the NMC622 cathode (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A nonflammable phosphate-based localized high-concentration electrolyte for safe and high-voltage lithium metal batteries

Wang¹,

He²,

Xue³

et al. 2022

Sustainable Energy Fuels

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Of note, the high-nickel cathode is highly compatible with the localized high concentration electrolyte. [61] Therefore, the capacity fade for the control group cell is mainly attributed to the side reaction between Li-metal and the liquid electrolyte. [62][63][64][65] After cycling, we clearly observed the accumulation of residual SEI on the current collector surface (Figure S18, Supporting Information).…”

Section: Electrochemical Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

A Self‐Healable Sulfide/Polymer Composite Electrolyte for Long‐Life, Low‐Lithium‐Excess Lithium‐Metal Batteries

Ren

Cui

Bhargav

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Solid electrolyte-protected lithium-metal anodes promise energy-dense, safe cells. While sulfide solid electrolytes enable facile processability and fast ion transport, they suffer from complex chemo-mechanical issues, including Li plating-induced fracture and Li stripping-induced contact loss. To address these issues, a grafting approach is implemented to functionalize the sulfide solid electrolyte (Li 3,85 Sn 0.85 Sb 0.15 S 4 ) with a self-healing unit. This leads to a dynamic bonding between the solid electrolyte network and a mechanically robust polymer scaffold, which reversibly accommodates the volume changes of the lithium-metal anode. Moreover, the approach improves the interfacial contact between the lithium-metal anode and the composite electrolyte, enabling stable cycling at a mild stack pressure (160 kPa). With a negative to positive capacity ratio equals to 1, pouch full cells with a high-nickel cathode (nickel content > 90%) and lithium-metal anode display 92% capacity retention for 140 cycles. Engineering the interface between solid electrolyte and the polymeric binder offers a promising pathway to address the chemomechanical issues.

show abstract

Stabilizing ultrahigh-nickel layered oxide cathodes for high-voltage lithium metal batteries

Cited by 67 publications

References 50 publications

Next‐Generation Cobalt‐Free Cathodes – A Prospective Solution to the Battery Industry's Cobalt Problem

Next‐Generation Cobalt‐Free Cathodes – A Prospective Solution to the Battery Industry's Cobalt Problem

A nonflammable phosphate-based localized high-concentration electrolyte for safe and high-voltage lithium metal batteries

A Self‐Healable Sulfide/Polymer Composite Electrolyte for Long‐Life, Low‐Lithium‐Excess Lithium‐Metal Batteries

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About