Stabilizing zinc anodes for different configurations of rechargeable zinc-air batteries

Khezri, Ramin; Motlagh, Shiva Rezaei; Etesami, Mohammad; Mohamad, Ahmad Azmin; Mahlendorf, Falko; Somwangthanaroj, Anongnat; Kheawhom, Soorathep

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2022.137796

Cited by 63 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 134 publications

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“…Recently, the tremendous attention of energy storage systems (ESSs) has focused on the expansion of flow batteries [4][5][6][7] . Flow batteries possess several attractive features including long cycle life, flexible design, ease of scaling up, high safety, low capital cost and independence of energy and power components [8][9][10][11] . So far, vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) have been thoroughly investigated, but they still suffer from low energy density and the high price of vanadium [12][13][14] .…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The aqueous Fe(II/III) redox couple as a cathode material is among the cheapest and safest, and it is seen to have reasonable high voltage, high solubility and fast kinetics. Metallic zinc is regarded as an ideal anode material for aqueous hybrid flow batteries due to its low potential, abundance, nontoxicity, and cost-effectiveness 9,23 .The electrochemical cell reactions associated with the ZFB in an aqueous electrolyte are given below 24 : Negative electrode:…”

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Compressed composite carbon felt as a negative electrode for a zinc–iron flow battery

Saupsor

Sangsawang

Kao-ian

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Flow batteries possess several attractive features including long cycle life, flexible design, ease of scaling up, and high safety. They are considered an excellent choice for large-scale energy storage. Carbon felt (CF) electrodes are commonly used as porous electrodes in flow batteries. In vanadium flow batteries, both active materials and discharge products are in a liquid phase, thus leaving no trace on the electrode surface. However, zinc-based flow batteries involve zinc deposition/dissolution, structure and configuration of the electrode significantly determine stability and performance of the battery. Herein, fabrication of a compressed composite using CF with polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is investigated in a Zn–Fe flow battery (ZFB). Graphene (G) is successfully introduced in order to improve its electrochemical activity towards zinc reactions on the negative side of the ZFB. A compressed composite CF electrode offers more uniform electric field and lower nucleation overpotential (NOP) of zinc than a pristine CF, resulting in higher zinc plating/stripping efficiency. Batteries with modified electrodes are seen to provide lower overpotential. Particularly, the G-PVDF-CF electrode demonstrates maximum discharge capacity of 39.6 mAh cm−2 with coulombic efficiency and energy efficiency over 96% and 61%, respectively. Finally, results lead to increased efficiency and cycling stability for flow batteries.

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Compressed composite carbon felt as a negative electrode for a zinc–iron flow battery

Saupsor

Sangsawang

Kao-ian

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…[8] Research has shown that it is effective to improve conductivity and electrochemical reversibility through forming heterostructures in this kind of anode materials. [9] When special internal electric field has been formed in heterostructures, the migration of electrons and ions is promoted, [10] thus the conductivity and electrochemical physical and chemical properties of anode materials will be improved consequently. [11] According to the theory of forbidden band, SnO 2 belongs to n-type semiconductor with a comparatively wide band gap, [12] in consequence, whose migration performance of ions and electrons is not excellent enough.…”

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confidence: 99%

SnS−SnO₂Heterostructures Anchored on GO as a High‐Performance Anode for Sodium Ion Battery

Cui

et al. 2023

Chemistry A European J

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SnO 2 is a theoretically excellent transformed anode material with high theoretical capacity for SIBs. However, SnO 2 faces serious volume effect and high resistance, which greatly damages its electrochemical performance. Given that, the SnSÀ SnO 2 heterostructures is constructed with special internal electric field, which is beneficial to promote the transfer ability of sodium ions. Besides, the graphene oxide (GO) modification is carried out to isolate the intrinsic materials from direct contact with electrolyte, and alleviate volume expansion of the anode, ultimately promote the electrochemical performance. Furthermore, the structure and the conductivity characteristics of SnS, SnO 2 , SnSÀ SnO 2 and SnSÀ SnO 2 @ GO are simulated respectively by first principles and are compared with the correspondence experiment results to verify the accuracy of established models. Owing to the special p-n junction in SnSÀ SnO 2 @GO heterostructures, the resistance of SnSÀ SnO 2 @GO can be reduced to 36.23 Ω, much lower than that of SnO 2 (Rct = 341.9 Ω). Notably, the combination of GO has effectively alleviated the volume expansion of SnSÀ SnO 2 @GO electrodes, and present excellent capacity higher than 384.7 mAh g À 1 after 100 cycles. Thus, the efficient synthesis of SnSÀ SnO 2 @GO heterostructure electrodes with excellent performance for sodium storage is expected to provide valuable direction for SIBs anode materials.

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“…Besides, morphology control and parasitic reactions are the critical issues that need to be adequately addressed in rechargeable Zn-air batteries (ZABs) [4]. Mechanically rechargeable ZAB has been explored and is proven to be highly effective in morphology control [5], but its practical application is still hindered due to the inconvenience of fuel exchange physically. Flowing electrolyte is introduced to the Zn-air fuel cell (ZAFC) to take the soluble zincate of Zn(OH) 4 away before forming the solid passivation layer of ZnO and provides continuous fuel supply without mechanical exchange, which significantly enhances the performance of ZAFC [6,7].…”

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confidence: 99%

Determination of Flowing Electrolyte Parameters in a Zinc-Air Fuel Cell by the Taguchi Method

Huang

Nguyen

Yang

et al. 2023

International Journal of Energy Research

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The flowing electrolyte in a zinc-air fuel cell (ZAFC) can reduce the problem of incomplete reaction caused by the concentration gradient of the electrolyte. In this study, we propose a self-developed ZAFC with a flowing electrolyte system and optimize control parameters. The anode of the ZAFC used Zn particles through which the electrolyte penetrates and combined with a negative pressure pump to allow the potassium hydroxide (KOH) electrolyte to have an effective chemical reaction with the Zn particles during the discharge process. However, the flow rate of the electrolyte is required to match other control parameters, such as operating temperature, KOH concentration, and cell size, to effectively improve the efficiency of ZAFC. Therefore, the Taguchi method is adopted to obtain the optimal reaction parameters and the key factors affecting the discharge efficiency of the cell. The best operation condition is the temperature at 50°C, the KOH concentration of 30% wt, and the electrolyte flow rate of 150ml/min; then, the maximum power obtained from the experimental results is 13.8 W, the maximum current density reaches 699.721 mA/cm2, and the maximum power density is 395.037 mW/cm2. This paper provides valuable insights for the upgrade of ZAFC for future practical applications.

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Stabilizing zinc anodes for different configurations of rechargeable zinc-air batteries

Cited by 63 publications

References 134 publications

Compressed composite carbon felt as a negative electrode for a zinc–iron flow battery

Compressed composite carbon felt as a negative electrode for a zinc–iron flow battery

SnS−SnO₂Heterostructures Anchored on GO as a High‐Performance Anode for Sodium Ion Battery

Determination of Flowing Electrolyte Parameters in a Zinc-Air Fuel Cell by the Taguchi Method

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Stabilizing zinc anodes for different configurations of rechargeable zinc-air batteries

Cited by 63 publications

References 134 publications

Compressed composite carbon felt as a negative electrode for a zinc–iron flow battery

Compressed composite carbon felt as a negative electrode for a zinc–iron flow battery

SnS−SnO2Heterostructures Anchored on GO as a High‐Performance Anode for Sodium Ion Battery

Determination of Flowing Electrolyte Parameters in a Zinc-Air Fuel Cell by the Taguchi Method

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SnS−SnO₂Heterostructures Anchored on GO as a High‐Performance Anode for Sodium Ion Battery