Stable Majorana Zero-Energy Modes in Two-Dimensional Josephson Junctions

Abstract

In this paper, a modified Josephson junction model is proposed, which splits the two-dimensional electron gas by inserting a middle superconductor strip into a conventional Josephson junction. This modification enhances the superconducting proximity effect, thus avoiding the appearance of a soft gap and inducing a stable Majorana zero-energy mode. Through numerical simulation, the impact of the middle superconductor strip with different widths on the energy band structure is studied, and a significant increase in the topological energy gap is found. In addition, the modified system maintains a robust topological gap even at a strong in-plane magnetic field.