Staging for vaginal cancer

Rajaram, Shalini; Maheshwari, Amita; Srivastava, Astha

doi:10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2015.01.006

Cited by 55 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…5 Because it is a very rare condition, we consider it important to report this case of vaginal adenocarcinoma, especially when considering its rapid progression. 1,2,4 In this case, there was no report of patient exposure to DES. 6 As observed by other investigators, this is a young age for non-DES-associated adenocarcinoma.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…1,2,4 In this case, there was no report of patient exposure to DES. 4 In this case, the tumor was located in the upper right third of the vagina. 7,8 The first type (DES-associated) occurs in younger women and the last in postmenopausal women.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…6 As observed by other investigators, this is a young age for non-DES-associated adenocarcinoma. 1,2,4 In this case, there was no report of patient exposure to DES. Most of the reported cases are of adenocarcinoma, mainly of the intestinal type, that may or may not be associated with in utero DES use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…2 In a retrospective study done by Nomura et al, which aimed to identify nonsquamous cell vaginal carcinoma between 1990 and 2013 in Tokyo (Japan), 12 cases (five clear cell carcinoma, three adenocarcinoma, two adenosquamous carcinoma, one carcinosarcoma, and one mucinous adenocarcinoma) were found. 4 In a previous study in the United States, about three fourths of vaginal cancer cases included prior HPV detection. 4 In a previous study in the United States, about three fourths of vaginal cancer cases included prior HPV detection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 Vaginal cancer not associated with diethylstilbestrol (DES) occurs more frequently in postmenopausal women, whereas the incidence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV)-induced cancers is increasing in younger women. 4 In a previous study in the United States, about three fourths of vaginal cancer cases included prior HPV detection. 5 Because it is a very rare condition, we consider it important to report this case of vaginal adenocarcinoma, especially when considering its rapid progression.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Poorly differentiated vaginal adenocarcinoma with aggressive behavior—Pap smear findings

Eleutério

Freitas²,

Oliveira

et al. 2017

Diagnostic Cytopathology

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Vaginal carcinoma is a rare condition. In this report, we describe a case of a poorly differentiated aggressive adenocarcinoma in a woman with a three month history of vaginal bleeding and a negative Pap smear done six months prior to her consultation. Specular examination showed a normal cervix, but there was a bleeding ulcer (2 cm in diameter) in the upper third of the vagina. Cytology revealed poorly differentiated atypical cells, and the biopsy established a diagnosis of vaginal adenocarcinoma with little differentiation. Within two months, the patient died without diagnosis of a primary tumor site other than the vagina.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Poorly differentiated vaginal adenocarcinoma with aggressive behavior—Pap smear findings

Eleutério

Freitas²,

Oliveira

et al. 2017

Diagnostic Cytopathology

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Diagnostic benefit of cytological and histopathological examinations for recurrent vaginal cancer metastasizing to the duodenum: A case report

Sonoda

Okadome

Sugimoto

et al. 2020

Clinical Case Reports

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Metastatic disease from a primary malignancy to the duodenum is extremely rare. Here, we report the first case of a recurrent vaginal squamous cell carcinoma that metastasized to the duodenum. Cytological and histopathological examinations were useful for the diagnosis of a recurrent vaginal cancer metastasizing to the duodenum. Primary vaginal cancer is a rare tumor, making up approximately 1%-2% of all gynecologic cancers and only 10% of all malignant neoplasms involving the vagina. 1 According to Cancer Statistics in Japan-2019, of 157,800 deaths due to female malignant neoplasms, 139 deaths (0.09%) were due to vaginal cancer. 2 Approximately 6,230 new cases of vaginal cancer associated with 1,450 deaths have been estimated for 2020 in the United States. 3 Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common histopathological type (85%) followed by adenocarcinoma (10%-15%). 4 A population-based study from Denmark reported that 89% of women with vaginal SCC were positive for high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV). 5 Though vaginal cancer may invade locally and disseminate by hematogenous and lymphatic routes, 4 a metastasis to the duodenum is extremely rare. Only 1 case report of vaginal malignant melanoma with metastasis to the papilla of Vater can be found on PubMed. 6 Herein, we report a case of recurrent vaginal cancer metastasizing to the duodenum, for which cytological and histopathological examinations were useful for obtaining a diagnosis.

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Cancer of the vagina

Adams

Cuello

2018

Intl J Gynecology & Obste

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Diagnosis of a primary vaginal cancer is rare because most of these lesions will be metastatic from another primary site. Although cancer of the vagina is more common in postmenopausal women, an increase in young women being diagnosed with primary vaginal cancer has been reported, especially in countries with a high HIV prevalence. This will be associated with persistence of high‐risk HPV infection. The emphasis should be on primary prevention with prophylactic HPV vaccination. Once there is a suspicion of a primary vaginal cancer, this should be confirmed histologically with biopsy. Staging has been done clinically, similar to cervical cancer; however, there is a role for imaging in assisting with staging as this is often a difficult assessment. Treatment should be individualized and depends on stage as well as histologic subtype. It is prudent to refer cases to centers of excellence with experience in dealing with this rare gynecological cancer.

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Staging for vaginal cancer

Cited by 55 publications

References 23 publications

Poorly differentiated vaginal adenocarcinoma with aggressive behavior—Pap smear findings

Poorly differentiated vaginal adenocarcinoma with aggressive behavior—Pap smear findings

Diagnostic benefit of cytological and histopathological examinations for recurrent vaginal cancer metastasizing to the duodenum: A case report

Cancer of the vagina

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