Stakeholders' climate perception and adaptation in coastal Uruguay

et al. 2015

RGCI

Evaluation of the error associated to the method (tidal range) indicates an horizontal variability of HWL in the order of 10-30 m, according to the beach slope typical of the different parts of the beach. This means that GIS techniques can be only used as a qualitative instrument for long-term assessments, as on short periods the noise can be high. In any case, the coastline can be broadly described by two segments: one in erosion affected by the presence of structures and one quite stable, dominated by natural process. To assess the correctness of the data extracted from the GIS, topographic surveys were carried out with a GPS in kinematic relative positioning and a total station. These surveys revealed that the area is eroding in the northern part, is oscillating in the central part and is in oscillation/accretion in the southern one. An ARGUS station was installed in the area. Short-term (hours) shoreline surveys were carried out to compare the GPS data with the ARGUS ones after putting them in a GIS. This comparison revealed that theARGUS and GPS shorelines are identified with a precision which is comparable ADDITIONALINDEX WORDS: High water line, GPS, total station, detection model.

Section: Evolution Of Ramírez Beachsupporting

confidence: 83%

Long-term morphological evolution of urban pocket beaches in Montevideo (Uruguay): impacts of coastal interventions and links to climate forcing

Gutiérrez

Panario

et al. 2015

RGCI

“…Most of the successful implemented experiences in Uruguay mix top-down and bottom-up approaches focused on knowledge and early warning of ENSO events, soft engineering (green infrastructure), scenario planning for "futures", and EbA (Nagy et al 2014a;2014b;2015;in press;Conde et al 2015;Gutiérrez et al 2015;UNCCC 2016;Carro et al 2017;Nagy and Gutiérrez 2017).…”

Section: Uruguaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Fostering coastal resilience to climate change vulnerability in Bangladesh, Brazil, Cameroon and Uruguay: a cross-country comparison

Filho

Modesto

Mitig Adapt Strateg Glob Change

et al. 2017

This paper describes a comparative study of four different cases on vulnerability, hazards and adaptive capacity to climate threats in coastal areas and communities in four developing countries: Bangladesh, Brazil, Cameroon, and Uruguay. Coastal areas are vulnerable to sea level rise (SLR), storm surges and flooding due to their (i) exposure, (ii) concentration of settlements, many of which occupied by less advantaged groups, and (iii) the concentration of assets and services seen in these areas. The objective of the paper is twofold: (i) to evaluate current evidence of coastal vulnerability and adaptive capacity, and (ii) to compare adaptation strategies being implemented in a sample of developing countries, focusing on successful ones. The followed approach for the case evaluation is based on (i) documenting observed threats and damages, (ii) using indicators of physical and socioeconomic vulnerability, and adaptive capacity status, and (iii) selecting examples of successful responses. Major conclusions based on crosscase comparison are (a) the studied countries show different vulnerability, adaptive capacity and implementation of responses and (b) early warning systems are key to increase climate resilience. A recommendation is that efforts in adaptation planning in coastal areas should be intensified so as to reduce the vulnerability of coastal communities.

“…The chances of success of these initiatives on these beaches could Among the fast climate stressors on the Uruguayan coast, the wave climate change stands out. This change is associated with: i) atmospheric circulation changes likely attributable to global warming (Young et al, 2011); ii) the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation -AMO (Ortega et al, 2013) and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation -PDO (Nagy et al, 2014a(Nagy et al, , 2014b; and iii) oscillations associated with El Niño Southern Oscillation -ENSO teleconnections (Bidegain et al, 2015(Bidegain et al, , 2014Nagy et al, 2014aNagy et al, , 2008aNagy et al, , 2008bNagy et al, , 2002. It is not always clear whether these variables are linked to global climate change or natural variability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate teleconnections and indicators of coastal systems response

Gutiérrez

Panario

Ocean & Coastal Management

et al. 2016

Self Cite

This article surveys secular urban sandy beaches erosion-accretion and its relationship with climate teleconnections, e.g., El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO), and extreme events, e.g., storm surges, great rivers' floods, and heavy rains in adjacent basins. The paper aims to discuss these issues and the expected coastal retreat as a consequence of manmade climate changes, e.g., sea level rise (SLR) and increased storminess in the coming decades. Several beaches (Buceo, Malvín, Pocitos, Ramírez) and two tidal creek mouths (Carrasco and Pando), with different characteristics but all constrained by coastal linear infrastructure and two tidal creek sandy mouths were studied. These sites are located along the urbanised coast of the middle region of Río de la Plata microtidal river estuary. All of them show a more or less strong retreat trend with alternated fluctuations, e.g., weak retreat likely due to sea level rise, significant erosion very likely due to storm surges, and processes of loss of sediment stock, as well as episodes of sand recovery. Therefore, these beaches require interventions to preserve their beach prism and dry sand surface. In search for answers to better understand why and under what conditions the process of advance and retreat of the coastline occur, we have analysed different teleconnections and carried out reanalyses for wind anomalies during ENSO events from 1951-2010. Both weak and moderate erosion-accretion periods are likely related to atmospheric anomalies, e.g., wind direction changes and the consequent swell and littoral drift changes, related to El Niño and La Niña events. The former associated with accretion and the latter with erosion. In the past most interventions have been reactive. Increased knowledge of climate and weather relationship with the sedimentary balance provides an approach that would allow developing beach risk-management, pro-active strategies and climate adaption measures focused on the generation and recovery planning based on the analysis of the occurrence and prediction of El Niño / La Niña events.