Stamping of Titanium Sheets

Abstract

In this paper, some technological problems (e.g. low drawability, high susceptibility to galling, spring-back) occurring in the sheet-titanium forming process are discussed. A numerical simulation of the stamping process was carried out with the Adina System v.8.3 based on the finite element method. The effects of friction, the holding-down force and tool geometry on the course of the stamping process were analysed. The mechanical and technological material data needed for the calculations were determined experimentally. The friction coefficients for the frictional pair: ”titanium – tool steel” for different lubricants and antiadhesive layers determined in the “strip drawing” test were found. The role played by lubrication and antiadhesive layers in preventing titanium “build-ups” on the tools is presented. The calculated results were then confirmed experimentally.

Investigation of Sheet-Titanium Forming with Flexible Tool – Experiment and Simulation / Badanie Kształtowania Blach Tytanowych Z Wykorzystaniem Elastycznego Narzędzia - Doświadczenie I Symulacja

“…Other materials as synthetic elastomers (polyurethane, avothane) or ceramic balls can also be used. The rubber pad (4) is housed in the working chamber, which consists of a steel ring (6) and bottom support plate (5). The support plate can be fixed or may move.…”

“…"Conventional forming" here means any sheet-metal forming process using rigid tools: die, blank-holder and punch. Very often manufacture the structural parts is extremely difficult because conventional forming methods reach their limits [4][5][6][7]. In some applications radial drawing stresses and tangential compressive stresses pose a serious problem resulting in wrinkling, buckling, thinning and finally cracking.…”

Forming Of Spherical Titanium Cups From Circular Blanks With Cutouts On The Perimeter

“…It should be remembered that forming titanium alloys at increased temperature necessitates solving the problems of its tendency for reacting with oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen. Absorption of these gases causes unfavourable structural changes and, consequently, deterioration of strength parameters [5,[8][9][10][11][12]. The studies [13][14][15] showed that obtaining greater forming depth is also possible during forming of tailor-welded blanks (TWBs).…”

“…Due to very low capability of plastic strain at the ambient temperature and strong spring-back effect compared to conventional deep drawing steel sheets, obtaining of products made of titanium sheet metal (Gr 5) using conventional methods is limited and requires expert knowledge and non-standardized approach to solving this problem [5][6][7]. Obtaining deep drawn parts with complex geometry from hard-deformed sheet metal requires modification of conventional methods of forming or application of modern technologies such as electromagnetic forming, explosive forming, impulse forming, hydroforming or incremental sheet forming [1][2][3][4][7][8][9][10][11]. It should be remembered that forming titanium alloys at increased temperature necessitates solving the problems of its tendency for reacting with oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen.…”

Evaluation of Drawability of Titanium Welded Sheets / Ocena Tłocznosci Spawanych Blach Tytanowych

“…Unlike Gr 2 sheets, Gr 5 (Ti6Al4V) titanium sheets have high mechanical properties (yield strength and ultimate tensile strength) and thus low ability to deform plastically. So their application in stamping processes is limited [7][8][9].…”