Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection

Falces‐Romero, Iker; Bloise, Iván; Cendejas-Bueno, Emilio; Montero-Vega, María Dolores; Romero, María Pilar; García‐Bujalance, Silvia; Toro-Rueda, Carlos; Ruiz‐Carrascoso, Guillermo; Quiles-Melero, Inmaculada; Lázaro-Perona, Fernando; Mingorance, Jesús; Gutiérrez-Arroyo, Almudena; Ruiz-Bastián, Mario; Ligero-López, Jorge; Grandioso-Vas, David; Guedez-López, Gladys Virginia; García-Clemente, Paloma; Hernández, María Gracia Liras; García-Sánchez, Consuelo; Sánchez-Castellano, Miguel; José-Villar, Sol San; Maldonado-Barrueco, Alfredo; Roces-Álvarez, Patricia; García-Navarro, Paula; García-Rodríguez, Julio; Rodríguez-Ayala, Montserrat; Almazán-Gárate, Esther Ruth; Sanz-González, Claudia

doi:10.1016/j.medcle.2023.05.007

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Understanding the interplay between viral and bacterial infections, including the prevalence and impact of S. aureus in COVID-19 cases, is important for effective patient care and public health measures. Several studies underscored a higher incidence of bacteremia by S. aureus at the COVID-19 pandemic (Falces-Romero et al 2023). In keeping with this, the episodes of S. aureus bacteremia per year doubled in our hospital during the pandemic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…S. aureus has also been described as a leading cause of secondary infection during past viral pandemics, significantly increasing patient mortality rates (Chertow and Memoli 2013). In this regard, recent reports have noted a higher incidence of bacteremia by S. aureus at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic (Falces-Romero et al 2023). In the same line, our group has recently reported a rise of vascular catheter-related bacteremia in early 2020.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Genomic analysis ofStaphylococcus aureusisolates from bacteremia reveals genetic features associated with the COVID-19 pandemic

Sánchez-Osuna,

Pedrosa,

Bierge

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Genomic analyses of bacterial isolates are necessary to monitor the prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes and virulence determinants. Herein, we provide a comprehensive genomic description of a collection of 339Staphylococcus aureusstrains isolated from patients with bacteremia between 2014 and 2022. Nosocomial acquisition accounted for 56.6% of episodes, with vascular catheters being the predominant source of infection (31.8%). Cases of fatality (27.4%), persistent bacteremia (19.5%) and diagnosis of septic emboli (24.2%) were documented. During the COVID-19 pandemic, we observed a 140% increase of the episodes ofS. aureusbacteremia per year, with a concomitant increase of the cases from nosocomial origin. This prompted us to investigate the existence of genetic features associated withS. aureusisolates from the COVID-19 pandemic. While genes conferring resistance to β-lactams (blaI-blaR-blaZ), macrolides (ermA, ermC, ermT, mphC, msrA) and aminoglycosides (ant(4’)-Ia,ant(9)-Ia,aph(3’)-IIIa,aph(2’’)-Ih) were prevalent in our collection, detection of themsrAandmphCgenes increased significantly in pandemicS. aureusisolates. Similarly, we observed a higher prevalence of isolates carrying the genes encoding the Clumping Factors A and B, involved in fibrinogen binding. Of note, macrolides were extensively used as accessory therapy for COVID-19 and fibrinogen levels were usually elevated upon SARS-CoV-2 infection. Therefore, our results reveal a remarkable adaptation of theS. aureusisolates to the COVID-19 pandemic context and demonstrates the potential of whole-genome sequencing to conduct molecular epidemiology studies.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Genomic analysis ofStaphylococcus aureusisolates from bacteremia reveals genetic features associated with the COVID-19 pandemic

Sánchez-Osuna,

Pedrosa,

Bierge

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

SARS-CoV-2 infection predisposes patients to coinfection with Staphylococcus aureus

Lubkin,

Bernard-Raichon,

DuMont

et al. 2024

mBio

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Severe COVID-19 has been associated with coinfections with bacterial and fungal pathogens. Notably, patients with COVID-19 who develop Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia exhibit higher rates of mortality than those infected with either pathogen alone. To understand this clinical scenario, we collected and examined S. aureus blood and respiratory isolates from a hospital in New York City during the early phase of the pandemic from both SARS-CoV-2+ and SARS-CoV-2− patients. Whole genome sequencing of these S. aureus isolates revealed broad phylogenetic diversity in both patient groups, suggesting that SARS-CoV-2 coinfection was not associated with a particular S. aureus lineage. Phenotypic characterization of the contemporary collection of S. aureus isolates from SARS-CoV-2+ and SARS-CoV-2− patients revealed no notable differences in several virulence traits examined. However, we noted a trend toward overrepresentation of S. aureus bloodstream strains with low cytotoxicity in the SARS-CoV-2+ group. We observed that patients coinfected with SARS-CoV-2 and S. aureus were more likely to die during the acute phase of infection when the coinfecting S. aureus strain exhibited high or low cytotoxicity. To further investigate the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 and S. aureus infections, we developed a murine coinfection model. These studies revealed that infection with SARS-CoV-2 renders mice susceptible to subsequent superinfection with low cytotoxicity S. aureus . Thus, SARS-CoV-2 infection sensitizes the host to coinfections, including S. aureus isolates with low intrinsic virulence. IMPORTANCE The COVID-19 pandemic has had an enormous impact on healthcare across the globe. Patients who were severely infected with SARS-CoV-2, the virus causing COVID-19, sometimes became infected with other pathogens, which is termed coinfection. If the coinfecting pathogen is the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus , there is an increased risk of patient death. We collected S. aureus strains that coinfected patients with SARS-CoV-2 to study the disease outcome caused by the interaction of these two important pathogens. We found that both in patients and in mice, coinfection with an S. aureus strain lacking toxicity resulted in more severe disease during the early phase of infection, compared with infection with either pathogen alone. Thus, SARS-CoV-2 infection can directly increase the severity of S. aureus infection.

show abstract

Most Common Pathogens Causing Rhinosinusitis in Patients Who Underwent Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Before, During, and After the COVID-19 Pandemic

Almhanedi,

Aldajani,

Steinberg

et al. 2024

Journal of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Importance Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) significantly impacts patients’ quality of life and incurs substantial healthcare costs. Understanding pathogen trends before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic can inform better management and treatment strategies. Objective To identify the common pathogens associated with CRS and compare them across pre-pandemic, during-pandemic, and post-pandemic periods. Design Retrospective chart review. Setting McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada. Participants Around 147 patients were 18 years and older, diagnosed with CRS, underwent endoscopic sinus surgery within the specified timeframe (January 2017 to September 2023), and whose charts contained relevant microbiology information. Patients were categorized into 3 groups based on surgery dates: pre- (January 2018 to November 2019), during- (January 2020 to December 2021), and post-pandemic (February 2022 to September 2023). Main Outcome Measures Distribution and prevalence of pathogens associated with CRS across the 3 time periods. Microbiology results from nasal cultures were analyzed to identify predominant pathogens. Results Among the 147 patients, 46 distinct organisms were identified. Staphylococcus aureus was the most prevalent pathogen, increasing during the COVID-19 period (24.7%) compared to pre-pandemic (17.9%) and post-pandemic (21.5%) periods. Significant increases during the COVID-19 period were noted for Aspergillus fumigatus (6.8%, P < .001), Enterobacter cloacae (6.8%, P = .01), and Cutibacterium acnes (6.8%, P = .03). Post-pandemic, significant rises were observed in Serratia marcescens ( P < .001) and Achromobacter denitrificans ( P = .03). Conclusions and Relevance Significant shifts in CRS-associated pathogens occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic. Notable changes in the prevalence of S. aureus, A. fumigatus, E. cloacae, and C. acnes were observed during the pandemic, with increases in S. marcescens and A. denitrificans post-pandemic. These findings suggest that the pandemic’s impact on healthcare practices and environmental factors influenced the microbial etiologies of CRS. Future research may explore the mechanisms driving these changes and their long-term implications for CRS management.

show abstract

Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection

Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

Genomic analysis ofStaphylococcus aureusisolates from bacteremia reveals genetic features associated with the COVID-19 pandemic

Genomic analysis ofStaphylococcus aureusisolates from bacteremia reveals genetic features associated with the COVID-19 pandemic

SARS-CoV-2 infection predisposes patients to coinfection with Staphylococcus aureus

Most Common Pathogens Causing Rhinosinusitis in Patients Who Underwent Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Before, During, and After the COVID-19 Pandemic

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About