Starch Metabolism in Green Plants

Busi, María V.; Gómez-Casati, Diego F.; Martín, Mariana; Barchiesi, Julieta; Grisolía, Mauricio J.; Hedín, Nicolás; Carrillo, Julieta B.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-03751-6_78-1

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…At night, the transitory starch that accumulated in photosynthetic tissues is degraded and the breakdown products flow to the cytosol for respiration and for continued sucrose synthesis to sustain export to other tissues or organs. In nonphotosynthetic organs such as seeds or tubers, sucrose is converted to starch for long‐term storage as an energy reserve that can be remobilized to support growth during germination, or for survival under stress conditions when photosynthesis becomes ineffective (Zeeman et al ., ; Streb & Zeeman, ; Busi et al ., ; D'Hulst et al ., ). Numerous studies have demonstrated that starch accumulation and degradation are finely controlled to synchronize with variations in growth conditions; this control is vital for plant growth and development (Zeeman et al ., ; D'Hulst et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arabidopsis thaliana FAR‐RED ELONGATED HYPOCOTYLS3 (FHY3) and FAR‐RED‐IMPAIRED RESPONSE1 (FAR1) modulate starch synthesis in response to light and sugar

Xue

et al. 2016

New Phytologist

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In living organisms, daily light/dark cycles profoundly affect cellular processes. In plants, optimal growth and development, and adaptation to daily light-dark cycles, require starch synthesis and turnover. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms coordinating daily starch metabolism remain poorly understood. To explore the roles of Arabidopsis thaliana light signal transduction proteins FAR-RED ELONGATED HYPOCOTYLS3 (FHY3) and FAR-RED-IMPAIRED RESPONSE1 (FAR1) in starch metabolism, the contents of starch and water-soluble polysaccharides, and the structure of starch granules were investigated in fhy3, far1 and fhy3 far1 mutant plants. Disruption of FHY3 or FAR1 reduced starch accumulation and altered starch granule structure in the fhy3-4, far1-2, and fhy3-4 far1-2 mutant plants. Furthermore, molecular and genetic evidence revealed that the gene encoding the starch-debranching enzyme ISOAMYLASE2 (ISA2) is a direct target of FHY3 and FAR1, and functions in light-induced starch synthesis. Our data establish the first molecular link between light signal transduction and starch synthesis, suggesting that the light-signaling proteins FHY3 and FAR1 influence starch synthesis and starch granule formation through transcriptional activation of ISA2.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arabidopsis thaliana FAR‐RED ELONGATED HYPOCOTYLS3 (FHY3) and FAR‐RED‐IMPAIRED RESPONSE1 (FAR1) modulate starch synthesis in response to light and sugar

Xue

et al. 2016

New Phytologist

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“…Starch is made up of two types of glucan homopolymers, amylose and amylopectin (Buleon et al 1998), and is produced by the coordinated actions of a set of enzymes including ADPGlc pyrophosphorylase (ADPGlc PPase), starch synthase (SS), starch branching enzyme (SBE) and starch debranching enzyme (DBE) (Ball and Morell 2003;Busi et al 2014;James et al 2003;Tetlow et al 2004;Zhang et al 2008). Each SS has a specific function that it performs in a specific location, and therefore, these enzymes are not redundant: GBSS (granule bound starch synthase) is nearly exclusively granule-bound, whereas the four other classes are distributed between the stroma and granule (SSI, SSII) or are located entirely in the stroma (SSIII, SSIV) (Busi et al 2014;Denyer et al 1993;Zhang et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The targeting of starch binding domains from starch synthase III to the cell wall alters cell wall composition and properties

et al. 2016

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Starch binding domains of starch synthase III from Arabidopsis thaliana (SBD123) binds preferentially to cell wall polysaccharides rather than to starch in vitro. Transgenic plants overexpressing SBD123 in the cell wall are larger than wild type. Cell wall components are altered in transgenic plants. Transgenic plants are more susceptible to digestion than wild type and present higher released glucose content. Our results suggest that the transgenic plants have an advantage for the production of bioethanol in terms of saccharification of essential substrates. The plant cell wall, which represents a major source of biomass for biofuel production, is composed of cellulose, hemicelluloses, pectins and lignin. A potential biotechnological target for improving the production of biofuels is the modification of plant cell walls. This modification is achieved via several strategies, including, among others, altering biosynthetic pathways and modifying the associations and structures of various cell wall components. In this study, we modified the cell wall of A. thaliana by targeting the starch-binding domains of A. thaliana starch synthase III to this structure. The resulting transgenic plants (E8-SDB123) showed an increased biomass, higher levels of both fermentable sugars and hydrolyzed cellulose and altered cell wall properties such as higher laxity and degradability, which are valuable characteristics for the second-generation biofuels industry. The increased biomass and degradability phenotype of E8-SBD123 plants could be explained by the putative cell-wall loosening effect of the in tandem starch binding domains. Based on these results, our approach represents a promising biotechnological tool for reducing of biomass recalcitrance and therefore, the need for pretreatments.

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Starch Metabolism in Green Plants

Cited by 2 publications

References 265 publications

Arabidopsis thaliana FAR‐RED ELONGATED HYPOCOTYLS3 (FHY3) and FAR‐RED‐IMPAIRED RESPONSE1 (FAR1) modulate starch synthesis in response to light and sugar

Arabidopsis thaliana FAR‐RED ELONGATED HYPOCOTYLS3 (FHY3) and FAR‐RED‐IMPAIRED RESPONSE1 (FAR1) modulate starch synthesis in response to light and sugar

The targeting of starch binding domains from starch synthase III to the cell wall alters cell wall composition and properties

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