State of the Art and Trends in Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Ehsani, M.; Singh, Krishna Veer; Bansal, Hari Om; Mehrjardi, Ramin Tafazzoli

doi:10.1109/jproc.2021.3072788

Cited by 246 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…The additional energy source battery connected to the fuel cell has zero emission [36]. In [37,38], Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) are powered by an internal combustion engine and a one or more electric motor, which uses energy stored in batteries. A hybrid EVs battery cannot be charged by plugging in operation.…”

Section: Types Of Electric Vehiclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical Aspects of Electric Motor Drive Controllers and Mitigation of Torque Ripple—Review

et al. 2022

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Electric vehicles (EVs) are playing a vital role in sustainable transportation. It is estimated that by 2030, Battery EVs will become mainstream for passenger car transportation. Even though EVs are gaining interest in sustainable transportation, the future of EV power transmission is facing vital concerns and open research challenges. Considering the case of torque ripple mitigation and improved reliability control techniques in motors, many motor drive control algorithms fail to provide efficient control. To efficiently address this issue, control techniques such as Field Orientation Control (FOC), Direct Torque Control (DTC), Model Predictive Control (MPC), Sliding Mode Control (SMC), and Intelligent Control (IC) techniques are used in the motor drive control algorithms. This literature survey exclusively compares the various advanced control techniques for conventionally used EV motors such as Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM), Brushless Direct Current Motor (BLDC), Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM), and Induction Motors (IM). Furthermore, this paper discusses the EV-motors history, types of EVmotors, EV-motor drives powertrain mathematical modelling, and design procedure of EV-motors. The hardware results have also been compared with different control techniques for BLDC and SRM hub motors. Future direction towards the design of EV by critical selection of motors and their control techniques to minimize the torque ripple and other research opportunities to enhance the performance of EVs are also presented.

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Section: Types Of Electric Vehiclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical Aspects of Electric Motor Drive Controllers and Mitigation of Torque Ripple—Review

et al. 2022

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“…The concept of EVs is not completely novel, as it has been in discussion among the community for a long time. Even, the history reports that the development of first EV is dated back to 1984 [21]. Afterwards, in the 19th century, a large number of companies worked over the development of EVs, especially in France, America, and Britain.…”

Section: A Electric Vehiclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Privacy Preserving Machine Learning for Electric Vehicles: A Survey

Sani¹,

Hassan²,

Chen³

2022

Preprint

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In the recent years, the interest of individual users in modern electric vehicles (EVs) has grown exponentially. An EV has two major components, which make it different from traditional vehicles, first is its environment friendly nature because of being electric, and second is the interconnection ability of these vehicles because of modern information and communication technologies (ICTs). Both of these features are playing a key role in the development of EVs, and both academia and industry personals are working towards development of modern protocols for EV networks. All these interactions, whether from energy perspective or from communication perspective, both are generating a tremendous amount of data every day. In order to get most out of this data collected from EVs, research works have highlighted the use of machine/deep learning techniques for various EV applications. This interaction is quite fruitful, but it also comes with a critical concern of privacy leakage during collection, storage, and training of vehicular data. Therefore, alongside developing machine/deep learning techniques for EVs, it is also critical to ensure that they are resilient to private information leakage and attacks. In this paper, we begin with the discussion about essential background on EVs and privacy preservation techniques, followed by a brief overview of privacy preservation in EVs using machine learning techniques. Particularly, we also focus on an in-depth review of the integration of privacy techniques in EVs and highlighted different application scenarios in EVs. Alongside this, we provide a a very detailed survey of current works on privacy preserving machine/deep learning techniques used for modern EVs. Finally, we present the certain research issues, critical challenges, and future directions of research for researchers working in privacy preservation in EVs.

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“…To minimize pollution, the HEV uses the ICE engine and electric motor in the most efficient way to save energy. The advantages of HEVs are as follows [16][17][18]:…”

Section: Hybrid Electric Vehiclementioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Electric Vehicle Technologies, Charging Methods, Standards and Optimization Techniques

et al. 2021

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This paper presents a state-of-the-art review of electric vehicle technology, charging methods, standards, and optimization techniques. The essential characteristics of Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) and Electric Vehicle (EV) are first discussed. Recent research on EV charging methods such as Battery Swap Station (BSS), Wireless Power Transfer (WPT), and Conductive Charging (CC) are then presented. This is followed by a discussion of EV standards such as charging levels and their configurations. Next, some of the most used optimization techniques for the sizing and placement of EV charging stations are analyzed. Finally, based on the insights gained, several recommendations are put forward for future research.

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State of the Art and Trends in Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Cited by 246 publications

References 96 publications

Critical Aspects of Electric Motor Drive Controllers and Mitigation of Torque Ripple—Review

Critical Aspects of Electric Motor Drive Controllers and Mitigation of Torque Ripple—Review

Privacy Preserving Machine Learning for Electric Vehicles: A Survey

Review of Electric Vehicle Technologies, Charging Methods, Standards and Optimization Techniques

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