State-of-the-Art Review on Modal Identification and Damage Detection of Bridges by Moving Test Vehicles

Abstract

In 2004, Yang and co-workers proposed the extraction of bridge frequencies from the dynamic response of a moving test vehicle [Y. B. Yang, C. W. Lin and J. D. Yau, Extracting bridge frequencies from the dynamic response of a passing vehicle, J. Sound Vib. 272 (2004) 471–493] and verified the technique by a field test [C. W. Lin and Y. B. Yang, Use of a passing vehicle to scan the bridge frequencies — An experimental verification, Eng. Struct. 27(13) (2005) 1865–1878]. This technique was extended to construction of mode shapes [Y. B. Yang, Y. C. Li and K. C. Chang, Constructing the mode shapes of a bridge from a passing vehicles: A theoretical study, Smart Struct. Syst. 13(5) (2014) 797–819] and damage identification of bridges. It was referred to as the indirect method for bridge measurement because no vibration sensors are needed for installation on the bridge, but it only requires one or few vibration sensors on the test vehicle. When compared with the conventional direct method that relies fully on the response of the bridge fitted with vibration sensors, the advantage of the indirect method is clear: mobility, economy, and efficiency. Over the past years, many research studies were conducted along the lines of the indirect method for bridge measurement. Significant advances have been made on various aspects of application. This paper represents a state-of-the-art review of the related research works conducted worldwide. Comments and recommendations will be made at proper places, while concluding remarks including future research directions will be presented at the end of the paper.

On the Use of Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition for the Identification of Bridge Frequency from the Responses Measured in a Passing Vehicle

“…Several researchers have shown the importance of the vehicle velocity for the successful identification of bridge natural frequencies from indirect measurements [4,10]. In this section, the same simulation is repeated with lower vehicle velocities to find if the EMD method can perform well in lower speeds.…”

“…Over the past decade, many researchers have been developing indirect bridge monitoring methods. A comprehensive review of the most recent methods proposed for indirect bridge monitoring can be found in the works of Malekjafarian et al [3] and Yang and Yang [4]. Figure 1 shows an overview of the state-of-the-art in this field.…”

An Experimental Study of the Feasibility of Identifying the Impact Damages of Reinforced Concrete Piers Using a Modal Frequency Method

“…It has been found that the results of identifications of structural damages using modal frequencies to assess the overall damages of structures and study the overall damage information of the structures have shown high antinoise and identification accuracy abilities. Also, these types of methods have been observed to have convenient measurement adaptabilities [29][30][31]. Furthermore, this method has been widely used in aviation, aerospace, precision machine tools, and other fields in developed countries, for fault diagnosis, load identification, and dynamic modification.…”

Localization of damaged cable in a tied‐arch bridge using Arias intensity of seismic acceleration response

“…In such cases, structural health monitoring (SHM) can be considered as an efficient tool to monitor the structural safety based on global or local response . Additionally, regular monitoring of modal properties can provide useful data, for example, loss of stiffness, natural frequency shift, breakage in connections, or deterioration of materials …”