Static Charge Development on Explosives .

Abstract

Static charge development character of some of the important explosive crystals have been predicted on the basis of their crystal class and symmetry. Among the important mechanism of charge development, the piezoelectric and pyroelectric characters have been considered. Ammonium trinitrate, ammonium nitrate, m-dinitro-benzene, trinitro-toluene, styphnic acid, p-lead styphnate, 4,4' dinitro-diphenyl, a-hexamethylenetetranitramine, nitroguanidine, picric acid, dimethylnitramine, a-Iead azide and p-lead azide are pyroelectric in nature, whereas pentaerythritol tetranitrate, picryl iodide, s-hexamethylenetetranitramine, tetranitromethane and trinitroethane are piezoelectric in nature.

Pyroelectric Effect of a Sucrose Monocrystal

“…Unfortunately, ammonium nitrate, TNT, picric acid, and α and β lead azides are pyroelectric. The static charge development in these types of materials has been investigated (7).…”

Size-dependent thermal decomposition and kinetics of ultrafine alkali metal styphnates

“…32 Current research in metal styphnates is focused on the improvement in explosive performance and safety. [33][34][35] Unfortunately, as very important factors for safety evaluation, the morphology optimization and particle renement of metal styphnates has received little attention, and the particle size dependence on the thermal properties is still inadequately known.…”