Static Liquefaction Capacity of Saturated Undisturbed Loess in South Jingyang Platform

Abstract

According to a previous geological investigation, high-speed and long-distance loess landslides in the South Jingyang platform in Shaanxi Province are closely related to the static liquefaction of loess. Considering the typical loess landslides in this area, isotropic consolidated undrained (ICU) triaxial tests and scanning electron microscopy analyses were conducted in this study. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) The stress-strain curves indicate strong strain softening under different confining pressures. The pore water pressure increases significantly and then remains at a high level; (2) The liquefaction potential index (LPI) shows an increasing trend followed by stabilization; the larger the LPI is, the smaller the state parameter (Ψ) is. The steady-state points of the loess are in the instability region; however, the steady-state strength is not zero; (3) Based on the ICU test results, the average pore diameter decreases; the shape ratio remains essentially unchanged; and the fractal dimension and roundness show different trends. The proportions of the macropore and mesopore decrease; that of the small pore increases slightly; and that of the micropore increases significantly; (4) The compression deformation of the highly spaced pores causes rapid strain hardening. A rapid strain softening results from the pore throat blockage at the beginning of particle rearrangement and reorganization. A stable strain softening is related to the agglomeration blocking of the reconstructed pore throat in the gradually stable stage of particle rearrangement and reorganization.

Effect of Soluble Salt Loss via Spring Water on Irrigation-Induced Landslide Deformation

“…Several scholars have reported that rising groundwater levels aggravate the saturated area of loess and that the matrix suction inside a slope decreases under saturated water conditions [3,4]. This causes the affected loess to soften and liquefy, thereby inducing a landslide's deformation and instability [2,[5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. This is one of the reasons for the alteration of the stability of a landslide on the edge of the corresponding terrace, which can transform from a stable state under natural conditions to an unstable state under irrigation conditions.…”

Soil–Water Conservation, Erosion and Landslide

“…have surged. These disasters are more common in mountainous regions, and could be a result of tectonic, climatic, and/or human activities [1][2][3]. Over the past two decades, more than 300 natural disasters occur annually around the globe, affecting over four billion and cost around USD 2.97 trillion [4,5].…”