Statistical analysis of regulatory ecotoxicity tests

Isnard, P.; Flammarion, Patrick; Roman, G.; Babut, Marc; Bastien, Philippe; Bintein, S.; Essermeant, Luc; Férard, Jean-François; Gallotti-Schmitt, S.; Saouter, Erwan; Saroli, M.; Thiebaud, H.; Tomassone, R.; Vindimian, Éric

doi:10.1016/s0045-6535(00)00600-7

Cited by 114 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Des tests de toxicité aiguë de vingt-quatre heures, ont été menés selon la procédure standard ISO 6341 (International Standard Organisation, 1993) [ISNARD et al, 2001]. Les échantillons témoins (concentration en cuivre nulle) n'ont montré aucune toxicité sur les daphnies.…”

Section: Biotests Sur Daphnia Magnaunclassified

Caractérisation de la matière organique dissoute des rejets d’une importante station d’épuration et influence sur la biodisponibilité du cuivre

Pernet-Coudrier¹,

Varrault²,

Clouzot³

et al. 2007

TSM

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Section: Biotests Sur Daphnia Magnaunclassified

Caractérisation de la matière organique dissoute des rejets d’une importante station d’épuration et influence sur la biodisponibilité du cuivre

Pernet-Coudrier¹,

Varrault²,

Clouzot³

et al. 2007

TSM

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“…An alternative approach is the use of acute toxicity data (LC 50 or EC 50 ) and application of an appropriate acute to chronic ratio (ACR) to predict concentrations that will not cause adverse effects during long-term chronic exposures (Chen 2005;Wang et al 2009). However, the use of ACRs has been criticized (Chapman et al 1998;Roex et al 2000;Isnard et al 2001). In some cases, average ACRs can be inadequate to extrapolate accurately from acute to chronic values (Brix et al 2001;Besser et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A tiered ecological risk assessment of three chlorophenols in Chinese surface waters

Jin

Gao

Zha

et al. 2011

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Introduction The ecological risks posed by three chlorophenols (CPs), 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP), 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP), and pentachlorophenol (PCP) in Chinese surface waters were assessed. Materials and methods This was achieved by applying a tiered ecological risk assessment (ERA) approach ranging from deterministic methods to probabilistic options to measured concentrations of CPs in surface water of seven major watersheds and three drainage regions in China and the chronic toxicity data for indigenous Chinese species. Results and discussionThe results show that the risks of three chlorophenols are ranked PCP>2,4-DCP≈2,4,6-TCP. PCP posed little ecological risk while 2,4-DCP and 2,4,6-TCP posed negligible or de minimis risk in Chinese surface water. However, the risks varied with different river basins, for example, PCP posed some ecological risk in the Yangtze, Huaihe, and Pearl Rivers. The magnitude of 2,4-DCP and 2,4,6-TCP pollution in North China was more serious than that in South China. Conclusion The probabilistic risk assessment approach, which can provide more information for risk managers Res (2012) 19:1544-1554 DOI 10.1007 and decision makers, was favored over the screening-level single-value estimate method. However, the results from all tiers of the ERA methods in the framework were consistent with each other.

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“…En effet, ces bioessais sont réalisés avec une espèce, exposée à une gamme de concentrations toxiques, et l'effet n'est recherché la plupart du temps que sur un unique paramètre biologique (survie, croissance, comportement, ...) et sur une seule durée d'exposition (ISNARD et al, 2001). En conséquence, ils ne permettent pas d'appréhender la complexité du terrain où ce sont des populations d'organismes qui sont exposées aux contaminants et où interfèrent les différents effets observés, mais pas nécessairement de manière additive.…”

Section: -Introductionunclassified

Apports de la modélisation des effets des toxiques sur l’individu et la population en écotoxicologie aquatique

Flammarion¹,

Péry²

2005

rseau

Self Cite

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SUMMARYTraditional analysis of toxicity tests provides toxicity parameters that are estimated with purely statistical methods. Consequently, thèse parameters do not hâve any intrinsic biological meaning and thèse methods provide no information about the mode of action of the tested chemicals. It is also difficult for thèse methods to change scale from the individual level to the population level, or to account for temporal and spatial heterogeneity. Modelling is an important tool in ecotoxicology and recently it appears to hâve gained more interest. Developments in modelling are currently expanding in two directions, modelling effects at the individual level and applying toxicity data obtained at the individual level to responses at the population level. The objective of the current study was to présent thèse two complementary modelling approaches together with the opportunities they offer.Modelling at the individual level provides parameters that are biologically relevant. Modelling also facilitâtes the formulation and the testing of hypothèses concerning toxicity processes (physiological mode of action and kinetics). Confounding factors such as time, varying exposure concentrations, or feeding can also be incorporated into models. In this paper, two kinds of models were examined: biochemistry-based models (Hill models) and energybased models (Dynamic Energy Budget models). In the Hill approach, effects are modelled as the interaction between chemicals and receptors in the organisms, which leads to a relationship between concentration and effects close to the logistic équation often used in toxicity test analysis. In the energybased approach, models are built on the dynamic energy budget theory, in which energy derived from food is used for maintenance, growth and reproduction. The effect of compounds is then described as a change in one of the parameters describing thèse physiological functions. Kinetics are taken into Rev. Sci. Eau, 17(4), 2004 P. Flammarion et A. Péry

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Statistical analysis of regulatory ecotoxicity tests

Cited by 114 publications

References 27 publications

Caractérisation de la matière organique dissoute des rejets d’une importante station d’épuration et influence sur la biodisponibilité du cuivre

Caractérisation de la matière organique dissoute des rejets d’une importante station d’épuration et influence sur la biodisponibilité du cuivre

A tiered ecological risk assessment of three chlorophenols in Chinese surface waters

Apports de la modélisation des effets des toxiques sur l’individu et la population en écotoxicologie aquatique

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