Statistical analysis of the hydrogeochemical evolution of groundwater in hard rock coastal aquifers of Thoothukudi district in Tamil Nadu, India

Singaraja, C.; Chidambaram, S.; Prasanna, Mohan Viswanathan; Thivya, C.; Thilagavathi, R.

doi:10.1007/s12665-013-2453-5

Cited by 60 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Factor analysis can identify several pollution factors reasonably but the interpretation of these factors in terms of actual controlling sources and processes is highly subjective (Matalas and Reiher 1967;Bahar and Reza 2010;Edet et al 2013). The aim of the factor analysis of the hydrogeochemical data is to explain the observed relationship in simple terms expressed as a new set of variables called factors (Usunoff and Guzmán-Guzmán 1989;Singaraja et al 2014, Vasanthavigar et al 2013.…”

Section: Factor Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the groundwater quality with WQI (Water Quality Index) and multivariate analysis: a case study of the Tefenni plain (Burdur/Turkey)

2014

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Groundwater is a vital source of water for domestic and agricultural activities in the Tefenni plain. Therefore, groundwater quality, seasonal variations and its suitability for drinking, irrigation and industrial usage were evaluated. In this study, 56 water samples were collected from springs, wells, and lake in dry and wet seasons. CaMg-HCO 3 , Mg-Ca-HCO 3 , Na-CO 3 -Cl, and Na-HCO 3 -Cl water types are the dominant water types in the investigation area. Parameters, which are controlled to chemical variations of groundwater, were analyzed with R-mode factor and correlation analysis. According to R-mode factor analysis, total dissolved solids, Na, Cl, HCO 3 , and NH 3 are the most important parameters. In addition, Water Quality Index (WQI) was applied to suitability for drinking purpose and to investigation of groundwater quality. Quality of groundwaters are suitable for drinkable both dry and wet season in study area. In terms of the irrigation and industrial usage, generally groundwater is suitable in dry season but is not suitable in wet season. Groundwater chemistry is affected with water-rock interaction and densely agricultural activities.

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Section: Factor Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the groundwater quality with WQI (Water Quality Index) and multivariate analysis: a case study of the Tefenni plain (Burdur/Turkey)

2014

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“…Factor analysis was used to look at the degree of metal pollution and for source identification (Singaraja, Chidambaram, Prasanna, Thivya, & Thilagavathi, 2014). Afterwards component loading, a measure of degree of proximity between the variables and factor score interpreted by Kaiser criterion called varimax rotation, a scheme that explains the possible groups/ sources that influenced the water system for maximisation of the variance of factor with acceptable Eigen value >1 (Cloutier, Lefebvre, Therrien, & Savard, 2008;Shrestha & Kazama, 2007).…”

Section: Detection Of Pollution Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

Water quality concern in the Amaravathi River Basin of Karur district: a view at heavy metal concentration and their interrelationships using geostatistical and multivariate analysis

Ahamed

Loganathan

2017

Geology, Ecology, and Landscapes

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Several textile and bleaching industries in the city of Karur, discharge their effluent and was mixed with municipal sewage let into the river Amaravathi at different discharge points. Concentration of trace elements (Cd, Pb, and Ni) exceeded their permissible limits (.003, .01, and .02 ppm, respectively) prescribed by the World Health Organization. C d (Degree of contamination) and HEI (Heavy metal evaluation index) values were calculated, C d value of 50% samples have <4 indicates low degree of contamination and for groundwater samples only one-third samples were observed in low pollution and the remaining samples fall in medium to high degree of pollution. HEI value indicates that the average value (12.510, 12.514, and 12.164) of both the samples were above the low pollution range. Good positive correlations observed for Mn, Ni, and Fe with r value from .522 to .913. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to analyze the data and to identify possible sources of these heavy metals. Three factors for surface water and two factors for groundwater were extracted, where the first three factors account for approximately 58.7% of the total variance of the data-set. The results of groundwater samples show that the factor 1 and 2 accounted for 74.508 and 71.261% of the total variance. The data thus obtained are a sign of anthropogenic and mineral source for these elements in river and groundwater. The spatial distribution map based on ordinary kriging showed that elevated concentrations of heavy metals were located in the upper and down streams of the Amaravathi River basin. The dominance of heavy metals in groundwater and surface water of the Amaravathi river followed the sequence as

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“…Additionally, the CA was also used to interpret the hydrochemical data based on factor scores [22][23][24]. The hydrogeochemical study of the groundwater evolution was attempted by [25] using the factor analysis. This allowed determining that sea water intrusion, weathering process, and leaching of secondary salt dominant factors controlling groundwater geochemistry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrochemical and statistical characterization of groundwater in the Chemora area, Northeastern Algeria

Ghodbane

Boudoukha

Benaabidate

2016

Desalination and Water Treatment

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Tel. +213 0 5 55 83 20 05, Tel./Fax: +213 33 86 97 24, Tel. +213 0 5 51 59 37 47, Tel./Fax: +213 33 86 97 24 A B S T R A C TThis work aims to evaluate the hydrochemical characteristics of a shallow aquifer located between carbonated formations and salt lake in the Chemora region in northeastern Algeria. Hydrochemical, multivariate statistical, and the thermodynamics techniques were used to investigate the hydrochemical evolution within the aquifer. Twenty-five water samples were collected during May 2013 in this the aquifer wells. The results indicate that this shallow water is characterized by sulfate-dominant facies representing about 64% of cases, followed by the chloride with 24%, and the remaining (12%) is represented by the bicarbonate facies. The sulfate facies is acquired mainly by the alteration of pyrite. The saturation index showed that all carbonate minerals are supersaturated and all evaporate minerals are undersaturated which suggest that their soluble component Na + , Cl − , Ca 2+ , and SO 2À 4 concentrations are not limited by mineral equilibrium. The application of the cluster analysis and the principal components analysis based on major ion contents defined 3 main chemical water types reflecting different hydrochemical processes with salinity increases along the groundwater flow.

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Statistical analysis of the hydrogeochemical evolution of groundwater in hard rock coastal aquifers of Thoothukudi district in Tamil Nadu, India

Cited by 60 publications

References 65 publications

Evaluation of the groundwater quality with WQI (Water Quality Index) and multivariate analysis: a case study of the Tefenni plain (Burdur/Turkey)

Evaluation of the groundwater quality with WQI (Water Quality Index) and multivariate analysis: a case study of the Tefenni plain (Burdur/Turkey)

Water quality concern in the Amaravathi River Basin of Karur district: a view at heavy metal concentration and their interrelationships using geostatistical and multivariate analysis

Hydrochemical and statistical characterization of groundwater in the Chemora area, Northeastern Algeria

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