2007
DOI: 10.1007/s10310-007-0040-x
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Statistical interferometric investigation of nano-scale root growth: effects of short-term ozone exposure on ectomycorrhizal pine (Pinus densiflora) seedlings

Abstract: This study presents the effects of short-term ozone exposure on the nano-scale growth behavior of the fine roots of Pinus densiflora (Japanese red pine) seedlings. Root elongation measurements were obtained in nanometers for very short (sub-second) time intervals by using the optical interference method called statistical interferometry, developed by the authors. Three categories of P. densiflora seedlings were investigated; two categories were infected with ectomycorrhiza of Pisolithus sp. (Ps) and Cenococcum… Show more

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Cited by 14 publications
(5 citation statements)
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“…ECM fungi release the extracellular enzymes that degrade the complex organic matter from the soil like proteins, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and chitin thus releasing N, P that are taken up by the plants. ECM fungi also enhance the photosynthetic processes of the host plants by increasing the carbon sink strength of ECM roots and directing the photo-assimilates toward the host roots (Rathnayake et al, 2007). It has been hypothesized that the decline in N, photo-assimilates (carbohydrates) and other nutrient (P, K) in the decomposing organic matter containing soil may have exerted a pressure on the saprophytic fungi to form symbiosis with the roots of forest plants to acquire the food in return for water and nutrients (Martin et al, 2016).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…ECM fungi release the extracellular enzymes that degrade the complex organic matter from the soil like proteins, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and chitin thus releasing N, P that are taken up by the plants. ECM fungi also enhance the photosynthetic processes of the host plants by increasing the carbon sink strength of ECM roots and directing the photo-assimilates toward the host roots (Rathnayake et al, 2007). It has been hypothesized that the decline in N, photo-assimilates (carbohydrates) and other nutrient (P, K) in the decomposing organic matter containing soil may have exerted a pressure on the saprophytic fungi to form symbiosis with the roots of forest plants to acquire the food in return for water and nutrients (Martin et al, 2016).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This method has provided continuous measurements of elongation of roots and entire seedlings ( Rathnayake et al., 2007 ). The conventional optical setup for this investigation is an amplitude division interferometer, e.g., a Michelson-type interferometer ( Figure 1E ) ( Wang L. et al., 2021 ), or a common-path interferometer ( Muthumali DeSilva et al., 2017 ).…”
Section: Statistical Speckle Interferometric Techniquesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…To this end, the plant is fixed using a holder (see Figure 1F ) and the in-plane displacement relative to the fixed point is measured: , where is the wavelength of the laser, is the angle between the illumination beam and the normal to the detection plane, and , represents the phase difference between the two interfering biospeckle fields. This method has been used for multiple applications in plants: instantaneous tracking of nano-scale growth fluctuations of leaves under stress (see Figure 1G ) ( Muthumali DeSilva et al., 2017 ), monitoring both the quality of pine seedlings through root elongation rate ( Wang L. et al., 2021 ) and the short-term effects of exogenous plant hormones on rice ( Kabir et al., 2020 ), studying the nano-scale growth behavior of fungi-infected ( Rathnayake et al., 2008 ) and uninfected seedlings under ozone exposure at different concentrations ( Rathnayake et al., 2007 ). The authors observed that fungal infection results in higher root growth.…”
Section: Statistical Speckle Interferometric Techniquesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…We demonstrated SIT to be capable of measuring plant growth at a spatial scale of nanometer (nm) and at a temporal scale of second (sec) under various environmental changes such as under O 3 stress (Rathnayake et al 2007 ) of Japanese red pine roots ( Pinus densiflora Seibold & Zucc.) and infection of roots by two ectomycorrhizal fungi (Rathnayake et al 2008 ).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%