Status and Challenges of Medical Waste Management in Hospitals of Iran

Eslami, Akbar; Nowrouz, Parviz; Sheikholeslami, Samira

doi:10.21859/cej-030910

Cited by 31 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Approximately 37.9% of the total wastes generated at Tehran's hospitals were infectious before the COVID-19 pandemic, which is significantly greater than WHO estimated value for hospitals (< 15%). Insufficient programs on separation of hospital wastes has increased the generation rate of infectious wastes and associated treat [15,16]. Medical wastes collected from Tehran's hospitals varied between 52 and 74 tonnes per day from March 2019 to January 2020, with an average of 68 tonnes per day.…”

Section: Hospital Waste Management In Tehran During the Covid-19 Pandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental impacts of new Coronavirus outbreak in Iran with an emphasis on waste management sector

Zand

Heir

2020

J Mater Cycles Waste Manag

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The COVID-19 pandemic have brought several environmental problems worldwide, among which management of municipal solid wastes (MSW) is of great importance due to the effects of solid wastes on soil, air and water resources. This research focused on the emerging challenges in MSW management in Tehran, the capital of Iran, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Tehran has been experiencing higher generation of MSW during the pandemic. Extensive use of personal protective equipments increased textile and plastic wastes considerably. On average, more than 4.5 million pieces of facemasks have been daily discarded by Tehranian residents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Generation of hospital wastes in Tehran also increased by 17.6-61.8% during the pandemic. Legal source separation and recycling programs are still suspended, though waste collection procedure in Tehran has not been subjected to significant changes after the outbreak of the Coronavirus. Hospital wastes, which had been partially separated and treated, are now being collected altogether and landfilled. Waste incineration and composting have been ceased completely; therefore landfilling of MSW has increased by 35% and opted as the only disposal option in Tehran during the COVID-19 outbreak. This research represents a baseline to devise proper urban waste management strategies in developing countries during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Section: Hospital Waste Management In Tehran During the Covid-19 Pandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental impacts of new Coronavirus outbreak in Iran with an emphasis on waste management sector

Zand

Heir

2020

J Mater Cycles Waste Manag

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“…Although the results of the current study showed a generation rate (0.5 kg/(bed•day)) that represents a very small number of medical facilities in Iraq, the overall generation rate of medical wastes based on the number of state-owned hospitals in Iraq could range from 3.8 to 4.2 kg/(bed•day) [3]. This amount is higher than the range of 0.6-3.7 kg/(bed•day), which was reported by several studies in other countries in the Middle East region [5,[12][13][14][15]. The Iraqi Ministry of Health and Environment has put general guidelines for hospitals to manage their medical waste.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Medical waste management in Iraq: a case study of Baghdad

Mensoor

2020

Waste Dispos. Sustain. Energy

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There is a lack of information about medical waste management in Iraq. This study aims to monitor and evaluate the current situation of medical waste management in Baghdad as it represents the capital and the biggest populated city in Iraq. About 32% of hospitals are located in Baghdad. Ten state-owned hospitals in Baghdad with the biggest bed capacity were investigated. The study used structured interviews with staff in charge of waste management in the sampled hospitals to collect data. The results showed that the generation rate of medical waste in the ten hospitals was 0.5 kg/(bed•day). The study also found that there were insufficient, ineffective, and improper isolation, collection, storing, processing, and safe disposal of medical wastes in the sampled public hospitals of Baghdad. The study recommended that the Iraqi Ministry of Health takes extensive and quick effective measures to better monitor and evaluate medical waste management and provide ongoing training to personnel responsible for waste management in the hospitals.

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“…High rate of infectious waste might be due to different factors for instance improper infectious waste segregation, less training programs and lack of planning. Infectious waste treatment and disposal cost significantly can be reduced by implementing the educational programs and proper planning of waste minimization [27]. To enhance segregation efficiency and reduce inappropriate use of containers, the containers should be placed at proper place and labeled carefully [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sanida et al (2010) used these statistical analyses to evaluate relationship of number of beds, out-patient, accidents and emergency patients, infectious and general waste with total waste. In addition, Eslami et al (2017) used Pearson correlation coefficient and concluded that there was significance difference among private and governmental hospitals, with reference of infectious and sharp waste generation rates (P=0.027). Significant differences between specialized and general hospitals were also showed in group of non-hazardous waste (P=0.039), infectious waste (P=0.001) and total waste generation rate (P=0.02).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Waste Generation Rate in Teaching Hospitals of Metropolitan City of Pakistan

et al. 2020

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Hospital waste management is of vital significance owing to its contagious and hazardous nature as it can produce detrimental effects for both humans and the environment. This work aimed to examine types of waste with respect to waste generation rate in multiple teaching hospitals of metropolitan Lahore. A structured questionnaire survey, site visits, interviews and meetings were conducted in seventeen teaching hospitals. The results have shown that total hospitals average waste, infectious, non-infectious and waste generation rate in Lahore teaching hospitals were 38978 kg/day, 10789 kg/day, 28189 kg/day and 3.7 kg/bed/day, respectively. It is concluded that maximum waste generated in Mayo hospital, Jinnah hospital, Services hospital and Lahore general hospital was 16%, 12%, 12% and 10%, respectively, as per maximum patient’s visits. Positive liner correlation was between number of beds (P=0.917), number of accidents and emergency patients (P=0.75), infectious waste (P=0.998) and (P=1) with total waste. A straight line of linear regression was between (0.9966) infectious waste and (0.9995) general waste with average waste. Although, waste collection practices in these teaching hospitals were observed satisfactory but required training of doctors, nurses and hospital paramedical staff regarding infectious and general waste segregation. It is suggested that hospital staff, waste management and waste collection workers and respective waste management companies should be well trained and aware regarding infectious and non-infectious waste segregation, handling and disposing off procedures.

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Status and Challenges of Medical Waste Management in Hospitals of Iran

Cited by 31 publications

References 26 publications

Environmental impacts of new Coronavirus outbreak in Iran with an emphasis on waste management sector

Environmental impacts of new Coronavirus outbreak in Iran with an emphasis on waste management sector

Medical waste management in Iraq: a case study of Baghdad

Assessment of Waste Generation Rate in Teaching Hospitals of Metropolitan City of Pakistan

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