Status, Challenges, and Perspectives of Mainstream Nitritation–Anammox for Wastewater Treatment

Li, Xiaojin; Klaus, Stephanie; Bott, Charles; He, Zhen

doi:10.2175/106143017x15131012153112

Cited by 85 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 144 publications

(197 reference statements)

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“…Mainstream nitritation-anammox processes for biological nitrogen removal may create opportunities for achieving treatment plant energy self-sufficiency, or energy-generating water resource recovery facilities. This paper provides details of research progress on mainstream nitritation-anammox processes and examines challenges and possible solutions towards the future development (Li, Klaus, Bott, & He, 2018).…”

Section: Biological Nitrogen Wastewater Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient control in water bodies: A systems approach

et al. 2020

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Nutrient pollution is considered a wicked problem because of its many significant economic, social, and environmental impacts that are caused by multiple pollutants originating from a variety of sources and pathways that exist across different temporal and spatial scales. Further adding to the difficulty in managing nutrient pollution is that it is a global, rural, and urban problem. A systems approach can improve nutrient management by incorporating technological, environmental, and societal considerations. This approach can consider valuation of monetized and nonmonetized cobenefits and the inherent consequences that make up a nutrient management program.In this introduction to a special collection of papers on nutrient pollution, we describe several systems frameworks that can be used to support nutrient management and evaluation of system performance as it relates to impacts, then highlight several attributes and barriers of nutrient management that point to the need for a systems framework, and conclude with thoughts on implementing systems approaches to nutrient management with effective community engagement and use of new technologies. This special collection presents results from a USEPA Science to Achieve Results (STAR) initiative to advance solutions to nutrient pollution through innovative and sustainable research and demonstration projects for nutrient management based on a systems approach. These studies evaluate several promising nutrient control technologies for stormwater or domestic wastewater, investigate the effects of agricultural conservation practices and stream restoration strategies on nutrient loads, and discuss several challenges and opportunities-social, policy, institutional, and financial considerationsthat can accelerate adoption of reliable technologies to achieve system-level outcomes.

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Section: Biological Nitrogen Wastewater Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient control in water bodies: A systems approach

et al. 2020

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“…One final complication is that dewatering operations are inefficient and typically produce centrate with high concentrations of total suspended solids (TSS), 1,100 mg/L on average and sometimes in exceedance of 2,000 mg/L, and controlling inert solids loading into downstream processes proves to be a difficult task. Cool temperatures and the elevated TSS content of the centrate at TMWRF narrow treatment options, such as those where nitrogen removal mechanisms are strictly reliant upon nitrite‐oxidizing bacteria (NOB) out‐selection processes and are temperature sensitive (Deniz et al., 2015; Gatti et al., 2015) or systems in which treatment interference occurs when the influent centrate contains a high biologically inert solid loading, such as deammonification processes (Li, Klaus, Bott, & He, 2018; Yin, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Full‐scale N removal from centrate using a sidestream process with a mainstream carbon source

Lacroix

Mentzer

Pagilla

2020

Water Environment Research

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An innovative approach to treat centrate for rapid nitrogen load discharge reduction was investigated and applied at the Truckee Meadows Water Reclamation Facility (TMWRF) in Reno, NV. This process allowed TMWRF to circumvent an anticipated exceedance of the individual waste load allocation in 2018. Existing infrastructure and equipment were re‐purposed in a full‐scale suspended growth biological centrate treatment system, attaining simultaneous nitrification, and denitrification with no additional capital investment. Functioning within a few days of start‐up, the average ammonia reduction was 81% (1,106 kg/day) and the average total nitrogen reduction in the sidestream was 53% (757 kg/day) using primary effluent as carbon source. Alkalinity and carbon limitations were both anticipated and observed; however, adaptive operations allowed for balancing of nitrification and denitrification processes, providing pH stability and success in meeting treatment goals. Immediately after the sidestream treatment system was placed into service, nitrogen in the mainstream facility was measured at concentrations significantly lower than typical and was sustained at historically low concentrations throughout the operation. This translated into a significant methanol cost savings of $1,500 per day (USD). The system has become a critical supplemental treatment process during upcoming rehabilitation projects to address aging infrastructure of existing nitrogen treatment facilities. Practitioner points Full scale demonstration of sidestream N removal using a hybrid process. Integration of the sidestream N process to reduce N effluent load without alkalinity or supplementary carbon augmentation. Operational solution to reduce operating costs without new infrastructure.

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“…The nitritation‐anammox process has been widely studied and applied in treating sidestream wastewater (ammonium‐rich and low C/N ratio) in the last decade (Lackner et al., ), resulting in significant decreases in oxygen demand, organic carbon consumption, and sludge production (Kuenen, ; van der Star et al., ). In the recent years, the mainstream nitritation‐anammox process has received great efforts to explore its feasibility (Cao et al, ; Li et al, ), because it will potentially shift a wastewater treatment plant from an energy consumer to a net energy producer (Kartal et al, ). Nevertheless, its application remains a great challenge mainly due to several reasons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effective pre‐removal of organic matter (carbon diversion) is critical to mainstream anammox practice (Li et al., ). Anaerobic pretreatment followed by nitritation‐anammox process could be one of the promising alternatives (Delgado Vela et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of external recirculation on a two‐stage mainstream anaerobic‐anammox treatment system

2019

Water Environment Research

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Nitritation-anammox treatment can be a potentially energy-and resource-efficient technology for treating mainstream wastewater. However, the issue of nitrate residue from anammox treatment remains to be addressed. Herein, external recirculation of the anammox effluent to a hybrid anaerobic reactor (HAR), which was also to provide a continuous flow with low COD/N for the nitritation-anammox reactor, was employed to decrease the residue compounds. The recirculation ratio of 50% was observed to be the optimal to achieve the best overall performance with potential savings in energy demand. Specifically, in the operation scenario of R = 50%, the highest COD removal of ~90% by the HAR was achieved. Meanwhile, the lowest COD/NH 4 + -N ratio of ~2.0 in the HAR effluent ensured the lowest observed NO 3 − -N/NH 4 + -N ratio of ~14% in the nitritation-anammox reactor. These results have demonstrated the feasibility of applying external recirculation for nitrate residue removal via denitrification in the anaerobic pretreatment stage. • Practitioner points• Nitritation-anammox treatment is an attractive method for mainstream wastewater treatment. • Nitrate residue from anammox processes contributes to total nitrogen in the final effluent. • Recirculation of anammox effluent to an anaerobic reactor can decrease nitrate residue. • A recirculation ratio of 50% results in a low COD/NH 4 + ratio of 2 that benefits the subsequent anammox.

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Status, Challenges, and Perspectives of Mainstream Nitritation–Anammox for Wastewater Treatment

Cited by 85 publications

References 144 publications

Nutrient control in water bodies: A systems approach

Nutrient control in water bodies: A systems approach

Full‐scale N removal from centrate using a sidestream process with a mainstream carbon source

Effects of external recirculation on a two‐stage mainstream anaerobic‐anammox treatment system

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