Status of Ixodes dammini(Acari: Ixodidae) in Illinois

Abstract

Ixodes dammini Spielman, Clifford, Piesman & Corwin was found for the first time in Illinois in November 1987, when two adult females were collected from two deer in Jo Daviess County in the northwestern corner of the state. In 1988, in a study of six state parks in northern Illinois, questing adults and nymphs were encountered in one park in Ogle County. During the firearm deer hunt in November 1988, adult female and male ticks were found in several counties, with a high rate of infestation (greater than 25%) in two counties (Ogle and Rock Island) along the Rock River, which flows from Wisconsin into the Mississippi River. Several cases in humans with no history of travel outside of the state have been reported, primarily from northern Illinois. We suspect that infiltration of infected ticks and wildlife from Wisconsin is resulting in the emergence of Lyme disease in Illinois. Because all the components necessary for the completion of the tick life cycle and for the transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi are available throughout much of the state, I. dammini and Lyme disease can spread and become established in large portions of Illinois.

Genotypic Diversity of an Emergent Population ofBorrelia burgdorferiat a Coastal Maine Island Recently Colonized byIxodes scapularis

“…Hamer suggests that deer are responsible for introducing uninfected ticks to uninfested areas. Large mammals such as deer can disperse ticks over short distances (Bouseman et al 1990;Wilson 1998;Madhav et al 2004). At our study island, this is less likely because there is a higher barrier to deer migration than at a mainland site.…”

“…Dispersal of I. scapularis by both birds (Smith et al 1996;Scott et al 2001;Brinkerhoff et al 2011) and deer (Bouseman et al 1990) are postulated to contribute to its range expansion.…”

Invasion of the Lyme Disease Vector Ixodes scapularis: Implications for Borrelia burgdorferi Endemicity

“…Illinois and Indiana harbor ticks that colonized later (Pinger and Glancy, 1989;Bouseman et al, 1990), and Michigan's Lower Peninsula represents the most recent invasion front (Foster, 2004;Hamer et al, 2007). We postulate that these Michigan ticks represent an expanding focus from recently described populations in northern Indiana (near the Michigan border and Lake Michigan; Pinger et al, 1996).…”

Borrelioses, agentes e vetores

“…Nos argasídeos, todos os instares têm habilidade para transmitir borrélia, enquanto entre os ixodídeos, o estágio de ninfa parece ter maior importância epidemiológica na transmissão, manutenção e dispersão da espiroqueta, estando estes processos relacionados ao hospedeiro no qual o carrapato realize seu repasto (Benach et al 1987, Lane & Manweiler 1988, Bouseman et al 1990.…”