Steady State Effects of CO<sub>2</sub> and Temperature on the Relationship between Lung Volume and Inspiratory Duration (Hering‐Breuer Threshold Curve)

Bradley, Gunilla; Euler, Curt von; Marttila, Irja; Roos, B. E.

doi:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1974.tb05753.x

Cited by 75 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…With respect to the inspiratory off-switch mechanism of the respiratory central pattern generator, CO 2 inputs have no systemic effect on volume threshold curves (1,48). In Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compensatory airway dilation and additive ventilatory augmentation mediated by dorsomedial medullary 5-hydroxytryptamine 2 receptor activity and hypercapnia

Kanamaru¹,

Homma²

2007

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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5-HT2 receptor activity in the hypoglossal nucleus and hypercapnia is associated with airway dilation. 5-HT neurons in the medullary raphe and hypercapnia are responsible for tidal volume change. In this study, the effects of 5-HT2 receptors in the dorsomedial medulla oblongata (DMM), which receives projections from the medullary raphe, and hypercapnia on airway resistance and respiratory variables were studied in mice while monitoring 5-HT release in the DMM. A microdialysis probe was inserted into the DMM of anesthetized adult mice. Each mouse was placed in a double-chamber plethysmograph. After recovery from anesthesia, the mice were exposed to stepwise increases in CO(2) inhalation (5%, 7%, and 9% CO(2) in O(2)) at 8-min intervals with a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, fluoxetine, or fluoxetine plus a 5-HT2 receptor antagonist, LY-53857 in the DMM. In response to fluoxetine plus LY-53857 coperfusion, specific airway resistance was increased, and tidal volume and minute ventilation were decreased. CO(2) inhalation with fluoxetine plus LY-53857 coperfusion in the DMM largely decreased airway resistance and additively increased minute ventilation. Thus, 5-HT2 receptor activity in the DMM increases basal levels of airway dilation and ventilatory volume, dependent on central inspiratory activity and the volume threshold of the inspiratory off-switch mechanism. Hypercapnia with low 5-HT2 receptor activity in the DMM largely recovers airway dilation and additively increases ventilatory volume. Interaction between 5-HT2 receptor activity in the DMM and CO(2) drive may elicit a cycle of hyperventilation with airway dilation and hypoventilation with airway narrowing.

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“…With respect to the inspiratory off-switch mechanism of the respiratory central pattern generator, CO 2 inputs have no systemic effect on volume threshold curves (1,48). In Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compensatory airway dilation and additive ventilatory augmentation mediated by dorsomedial medullary 5-hydroxytryptamine 2 receptor activity and hypercapnia

Kanamaru¹,

Homma²

2007

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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“…Slowly adapting pulmonary stretch receptors and vagal afferent fibres from lungs play an important role in the regulation of respiration rate and tidal volume in mammals (19). Under conditions of thermal stress, a contribution of this control varies among species (10,19,(21)(22)(23) as enhanced M A R T I N I A N A 2 0 1 1 S U P P L . Crucial importance of this reflex is to accomplish inspiratory to expiratory switching and to prevent overinflation of the lungs.…”

Section: Fig 2 Sensors Centres and Effectors Involved In Control Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Elevated Body Temperature on Control of Breathing

Žila

Čalkovská

2011

Acta Medica Martiniana

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Changes in body temperature can be evoked mainly by alterations in the peripheral temperature, or modified by shifts in the central body temperature. Two conditions can lead to abnormal elevation of body temperature: hyperthermia or fever. As regards respiratory system, exposure to heat stress is accompanied by marked alterations in breathing, especially by an increase in ventilation. Ventilation rises due to an increase in central output from hypothalamus or brainstem, an increase in peripheral output via skin temperature receptors, an increase in central or/and peripheral chemoreceptor output or sensitivity and can be also mediated through changes in thermoregulatory mechanisms. This review summarizes results of previous studies as well as of experiments done in our laboratory in order to elucidate the mechanisms included in respiratory changes under heat stress.

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“…; Bradley et al . ). Animal studies have implicated descending hypothalamic projections as well as cutaneous afferents in this response (Widdicombe, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The human ventilatory response to stress: rate or depth?

Tipton

Harper

Paton

et al. 2017

The Journal of Physiology

171

166

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Many stressors cause an increase in ventilation in humans. This is predominantly reported as an increase in minute ventilation (V̇E). But, the same V̇E can be achieved by a wide variety of changes in the depth (tidal volume, V ) and number of breaths (respiratory frequency, ƒ ). This review investigates the impact of stressors including: cold, heat, hypoxia, pain and panic on the contributions of ƒ and V to V̇E to see if they differ with different stressors. Where possible we also consider the potential mechanisms that underpin the responses identified, and propose mechanisms by which differences in ƒ and V are mediated. Our aim being to consider if there is an overall differential control of ƒ and V that applies in a wide range of conditions. We consider moderating factors, including exercise, sex, intensity and duration of stimuli. For the stressors reviewed, as the stress becomes extreme V̇E generally becomes increased more by ƒ than V . We also present some tentative evidence that the pattern of ƒ and V could provide some useful diagnostic information for a variety of clinical conditions. In The Physiological Society's year of 'Making Sense of Stress', this review has wide-ranging implications that are not limited to one discipline, but are integrative and relevant for physiology, psychophysiology, neuroscience and pathophysiology.

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Steady State Effects of CO₂ and Temperature on the Relationship between Lung Volume and Inspiratory Duration (Hering‐Breuer Threshold Curve)

Cited by 75 publications

References 15 publications

Compensatory airway dilation and additive ventilatory augmentation mediated by dorsomedial medullary 5-hydroxytryptamine 2 receptor activity and hypercapnia

Compensatory airway dilation and additive ventilatory augmentation mediated by dorsomedial medullary 5-hydroxytryptamine 2 receptor activity and hypercapnia

Effects of Elevated Body Temperature on Control of Breathing

The human ventilatory response to stress: rate or depth?

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Steady State Effects of CO2 and Temperature on the Relationship between Lung Volume and Inspiratory Duration (Hering‐Breuer Threshold Curve)

Cited by 75 publications

References 15 publications

Compensatory airway dilation and additive ventilatory augmentation mediated by dorsomedial medullary 5-hydroxytryptamine 2 receptor activity and hypercapnia

Compensatory airway dilation and additive ventilatory augmentation mediated by dorsomedial medullary 5-hydroxytryptamine 2 receptor activity and hypercapnia

Effects of Elevated Body Temperature on Control of Breathing

The human ventilatory response to stress: rate or depth?

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Product

Resources

About

Steady State Effects of CO₂ and Temperature on the Relationship between Lung Volume and Inspiratory Duration (Hering‐Breuer Threshold Curve)