Steatocystoma Multiplex Suppurativa: A Case with Unusual Giant Cysts over the Scalp and Neck

Abstract

Steatocystoma multiplex (SM) is a rare hamartomatous malformation of the pilosebaceous duct junction. Most cases of SM are sporadic, although less common autosomal dominant inherited forms have been reported. Steatocystoma multiplex suppurativa (SMS) is a much rarer inflammatory variant of SM, associated with severe inflammatory lesions resembling those of hidradenitis suppurativa. We describe herein a 28-year-old male with SMS who presented with extensive giant cysts on his neck, face, and scalp.

Ultrasound Morphologic Features of Steatocystoma Multiplex With Clinical Correlation

“…Moreover, an inflammatory variant of SCM has been described, which is called suppurative SCM. This type of SCM presents as lesions that evolve with rupture, inflammation, and the consequent healing of the areas involved, showing clinical lesions similar to HS . Furthermore, Atzori et al reported 3 cases of SCM associated with HS, confirmed with a biopsy, supporting the coexistence of the two diseases.…”

Diagnosis and therapy of giant epidermoid double cysts with infection on the buttock: A case report and literature review

“…The common differential diagnoses for epidermoid cysts include Trichilemmal cysts, dermatomal cysts, [ 56 ] sebaceous cysts, [ 57 ] schwannoma, [ 58 ] lipomas, [ 59 ] inflammatory masses (furuncle), steatocystoma, [ 60 , 61 ] pilonidal sinus [ 61 ] and cutaneous manifestations of Gardner’s syndrome. [ 42 , 62 ] Because the giant cyst in this case is on the buttock, combined with the patient’s previous history of sedentary disease.…”

Coexistence of Hidradenitis Suppurativa and Steatocystoma Multiplex: Is It a New Variant of Hidradenitis Suppurativa?

“…[3][4][5][6] SM rarely affects the face or scalp, but variants in these areas do exist. 6 The onset of SM is centered around puberty, coinciding with the associated increase in pilosebaceous gland activity. 7 The term steatocystoma multiplex suppurativa (SMS) and steatocystoma multiplex conglobatum are terms used as synonymously to describe a rare form of SM where cysts frequently become inflamed and rupture, leading to scarring.…”

“…3 -6 SM rarely affects the face or scalp, but variants in these areas do exist. 6 The onset of SM is centered around puberty, coinciding with the associated increase in pilosebaceous gland activity. 7…”

“…Cysts range in size from a few millimeters to several centimeters and predominantly occur in the axilla, trunk, and limbs. [3][4][5][6] SM rarely affects the face or scalp, but variants in these areas do exist. 6 The onset of SM is centered around puberty, coinciding with the associated increase in pilosebaceous gland activity.…”