Steep posterior lateral tibial slope, bone contusion on lateral compartments and combined medial collateral ligament injury are associated with the increased risk of lateral meniscal tear

Abstract

Purpose To determine the risk factors for lateral meniscus and root tears in patients with acute anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries. Methods A total of 226 patients undergoing acute ACL reconstruction were included in the study sample. Exclusion criteria were revisions, fractures, chronic cases, and multiple ligament injuries, with the exception of medial collateral ligament (MCL) injuries. The patients were divided into groups based on the presence of lateral meniscus and root tears by arthroscopy. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze risk factors including age, sex, body mass index (BMI), injury mechanism (contact/non-contact), Segond fracture, side-to-side laxity, location of bone contusion, medial and lateral tibial and meniscal slope, mechanical axis angle, and grade of pivot shift. Results Overall lateral meniscus (LM) tears were identiied in 97 patients (42.9%), and LM root tears were found in 22 patients (9.7%). The risk of an LM tear in ACL-injured knees increased with bone contusion on LTP (odds ratio [OR], 3.5; 95% conidence interval [CI] 1.419-8.634; P = 0.007), steeper lateral tibial slope (OR, 1.133; 95% CI 1.003-1.28; P = 0.045), MCL injury (OR, 2.618; 95% CI 1.444-4.746; P = 0.002), and non-contact injury mechanism (OR, 3.132; 95% CI 1.446-6.785; P = 0.004) in logistic regression analysis. The risk of LM root tear in ACL-injured knees increased with high-grade pivot shift (OR, 9.127; 95% CI 2.821-29.525; P = 0.000) and steeper lateral tibial slope (OR, 1.293; 95% CI 1.061-1.576; P = 0.011). ConclusionThe increased risk of LM lesions in acute ACL-injured knees should be considered if signiicant risk factors including bone contusion on lateral compartments, MCL injury, and a steeper lateral tibial slope are present. Moreover, high-grade rotational injury with steeper lateral tibial slope are also signiicant risk factors for LM root tears, and therefore care should be taken by clinicians not to miss such lesions. Level of evidence III.

Age, male sex, higher posterior tibial slope, deep sulcus sign, bone bruises on the lateral femoral condyle, and concomitant medial meniscal tears are risk factors for lateral meniscal posterior root tears: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Some demographic risk factors including male sex, age, and body mass index (BMI) met the criteria for meta‐analyses. Fourteen included studies [1, 4, 10, 14, 15, 17, 22, 23, 25, 26, 28, 29, 31, 35] showed that the pooled OR of having LMPRT was 1.50 (95% CI, 1.24–1.81) in the male group compared with the female group (Fig. 2).…”

“…6). Three included studies [2, 15, 17] showed that there was no significant difference between lateral or medial meniscus slope and the risk of LMPRT [MD = 0.46, 95%CI (− 0.24, 1.17), p = 0.19] (Table 2). Two studies [2, 35] revealed that there was no significant difference between anterior tibial subluxation and LMPRT [MD = 1.54, 95%CI (− 0.22, 3.30), n.s.]…”

UAV Tilt Photography Control for Numerical Simulation of High and Steep Rock Slopes

“…Te RocFall software was used to calculate that the falling rock would have a large bouncing height during the movement on the slope. When the movement reaches the bottom of the slope, it still has large impact energy and movement speed, which threatens the normal operation of the railway [20,21]. Terefore, it is suggested to set up an active curtain type protective net on the steep slope surface to limit the bouncing height of falling rocks, so as to reduce the energy of falling rocks at the bottom of the slope.…”

Bone Morphological Characteristics as Risk Factors for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: Comparison Between Contact and Noncontact Injury

“…27 Previous studies have reported bone morphology-related risk factors associated with noncontact ACL injuries. 8,14,17,21,24 Regarding studies that reported these risk factors for contact ACL injuries, DePhillipo et al 7 found that the PTS increased significantly among patients with contact ACL tears as compared with controls. In the present study, the PTS did not differ between the control and contact groups.…”

“…3 Larger quadriceps angle, greater knee valgus, and greater navicular drop are considered risk factors for noncontact ACL injuries. 11 In addition, nonmodifiable bone morphological characteristics such as narrower intercondylar notch width, 18,21,24 increased PTS, 8,17,22 higher trochlear sulcus angle, 18 and increased posterior condylar depth 15,20 have been reported as risk factors for noncontact ACL tears. However, there is a paucity of literature reporting bone morphology-related risk factors for contact ACL injury.…”