Steigerung der Erdölproduktion mit Chemikalien

Microemulsions in Technical Processes

“…2 In the 1970s and 1980s, in-depth studies of mixtures of oil, water, and amphiphiles were carried out, since enhanced oil recovery required precise knowledge and understanding of the phase diagrams of these mixtures. [4][5][6][7][8] At present, the phase equilibria of mixtures of water, organic liquids, and amphiphiles may be regarded as well understood.9-14 However, the internal structures of the variety of phases existing in water-oilamphiphile systems is not yet well identified.…”

“…The method is based on the very low interfacial tensions and good wetting properties of these systems. It s Figure 7. Phase diagram of a system of crude oil (O)/ injected water for the flooding(W)/surfactant (S) forming a microemulsion M at the temperature of the reservoir.…”

“…(6) Higher diffusion and skin penetration rates were observed for microemulsions in pharmaceuticals, compared to conventional formulations. (7) Proteins are not denaturated in microemulsions, since they are localized in the aqueous domains and thus protected against interactions with surfactants and/or oil.…”