Steinernema scarabaei for the control of white grubs

Effect of soil type on infectivity and persistence of the entomopathogenic nematodes Steinernema scarabaei, Steinernema glaseri, Heterorhabditis zealandica, and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora

“…For example, S. scarabaei and H. bacteriophora are similarly virulent to northern masked chafers, Cyclocephala borealis, larvae (Koppenhö fer and Fuzy, 2003a;Koppenhö fer et al, 2004), and thus H. bacteriophora should be chosen over S. scarabaei in fine and highly organic soils. However, against white grub species such as A. orientalis, or European chafer, Rhizotrogus majalis, S. scarabaei is so much more virulent than H. bacteriophora (Koppenhö fer and Fuzy, 2003a;Koppenhö fer et al, 2004) that it should be the better choice even in potting substrates.…”

“…We compared the effect of soil type on the infectivity and persistence of H. bacteriophora GPS11 strain (Grewal et al, 2002(Grewal et al, , 2004, H. zealandica X1 strain (Grewal et al, 2002(Grewal et al, , 2004 and Steinernema scarabaei AMK001 strain (Koppenhö fer and Fuzy, 2003a;Koppenhö fer et al, 2004). A fourth species that is considered scarab-adapted, S. glaseri (Klein, 1990(Klein, , 1993, was included because the large size of its IJs may play a significant role in its activity across different soil types.…”

Field evaluation of entomopathogenic nematodes for biological control of striped flea beetle, Phyllotreta striolata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

“…Previously it was found that imidacloprid interacted synergistically with S. glaseri and in certain cases with H. bacteriophora (Koppenhöfer et al 2000;Cappaert and Koppenhöfer 2003;Koppenhöfer and Fuzy 2003). Although compatibility of numerous insecticides with EPNs has been studied in the laboratory (Koppenhöfer and Fuzy 2008;Negrisoli et al 2010), the control efficiency of combined application of EPNs with Field evaluation of entomopathogenic nematodes certain chemical insecticides in the field needs to be further studied.…”

The combined action of phytolarvicides for the control of dengue fever vector, Aedes aegypti

“…The results were evaluated by an independence test (χ²). First, the crude extracts were individually evaluated in different concentrations in order to determine the expected mortality (M exp ) using the following equation where M 1 and M 2 represent the percentages of the separated observed mortalities for A. muricata and P. nigrum, respectively (Benz, 1971;Koppenhöfer & Fuzy, 2003;Morales-Rodriguez & Peck, 2009):…”