Steinschwämme: Stars unter den Naturstoffproduzenten oder Wirte der Stars?

Abstract

Äußerst sorgfältiges Abtrennen der Zellen des Steinschwamms Theonella swinhoei von darin symbiontisch lebenden Bakterien ermöglichte den Nachweis, daß dessen bioaktive Metaboliten, das Makrolid Swinholid A und das bicyclische Peptid Theopalauamid 1, nicht vom Schwamm, sondern von den Symbionten produziert werden. Meeresschwämme dieser Ordnung (Lithistida) enthalten viele höchst unterschiedliche exotische Naturstoffe mit wertvollen biologischen und pharmakologischen Wirkungen.

Leucamide A: A New Cytotoxic Heptapeptide from the Australian Sponge Leucetta microraphis

“…Leucamide A ( 1 ) was found to inhibit the growth of the three tumor cell lines HM02, HepG2, and Huh7 with GI 50 values of 5.2 μg/mL (HM02), 5.9 μg/mL (HepG2), and 5.1 μg/mL (Huh7). These results are not surprising since a number of other cyclic peptides have been reported to be cytotoxic toward several similar cell lines. − The antimicrobial, antialgal, and HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitory activities of leucamide A were also investigated and showed the compound to be inactive in all of the applied assays at the 50 μg level.…”

“…These results are not surprising since a number of other cyclic peptides have been reported to be cytotoxic toward several similar cell lines. [31][32][33][34][35] The antimicrobial, antialgal, and HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitory activities of leucamide A were also investigated and showed the compound to be inactive in all of the applied assays at the 50 µg level. Cyclic peptides similar to leucamide A have been isolated from a variety of marine invertebrates and microorganisms.…”