Stem Cell Therapy for Arterial Restenosis: Potential Parameters Contributing to the Success of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells

Abstract

MSCs play an immunomodulatory paracrine role when injected in rats submitted to carotid arteriotomy, accompanied by the release of VEGF, possibly contributing to the accelerated repair of the injured vascular wall.

Atherogenic Cytokines Regulate VEGF-A-Induced Differentiation of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Endothelial Cells

“…Thus far, clinical outcomes are largely inconclusive. The rates of reendothelialization are highly variable among patients [23–25]. Several factors released during the procedure could limit the process of reendothelialization following stem cell-based therapies, resulting in inadequate cell survival, engraftment, or differentiation.…”

Epigenetic suppression of Fli1, a potential predisposing factor in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis

“…1). Interestingly, the contribution of ICAM-1 to the fibroproliferative changes of vasculature is reported in the context of animal restenosis models (Forte et al, 2012), suggesting that Fli1 Phosphorylated Fli1 interacts with p300/CBP-associated factor and is subsequently acetylated at lysine 380. Acetylated Fli1 loses its DNA binding ability and is rapidly degraded.…”

Mechanistic Insights into Arterial Repair with Mesenchymal Stromal Cells

“…In the current issue of Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy, the same authors further show that early after their delivery, MSCs induce pleiotropic effects on other inflammatory and angiogenic mediators that are also implicated in vascular healing and response to injury [20]. They describe an initial spike at day 3 in mRNA expression of VEGF in carotid arteries from cell-treated rats compared to those that received control medium, and a reduction in mRNA levels of Toll-like receptors (TLR) 2 and 4 that persisted until at least day 7.…”