Step by Step Modeling of Superbasic Catalysts of the EDA Complex Type

Kijeński, J.; Hombek, R.

doi:10.1006/jcat.1997.1561

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This can be explained by there being many defects or vacancies in the structure of c-Al 2 O 3 [14,18], resulting from the dehydration of surface hydroxyl groups. The metal potassium could react with anionic vacancies on alumina surfaces at 240°C resulting in the formation of surface color centers of F s (+) (Scheme 1), which were identified as the strongest one-electron donor sites [18,19]. In addition to the reaction with anionic vacancies leading to color center formation, metal potassium underwent reactions with other types of surface electron acceptor centers, which were the holes trapped on oxygen anions near the cationic vacancies and surface hydroxyl groups illustrated by following reactions [19]…”

Section: Infrared Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Transesterification of Rapeseed Oil for Synthesizing Biodiesel by K/KOH/γ‐Al₂O₃ as Heterogeneous Base Catalyst

Wang

et al. 2008

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

108

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The heterogeneous base catalyst, c-Al 2 O 3 loaded with KOH and K (K/KOH/c-Al 2 O 3 ) was first prepared and used in the transesterification of rapeseed oil with methanol to produce biodiesel. The prepared catalyst was characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method, infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. It was found that when c-Al 2 O 3 is loaded with KOH and K, the Al-O-K species is produced, resulting in an increase in the catalytic activity. The impacts of catalyst preparation conditions on the catalytic activities of K/KOH/c-Al 2 O 3 were investigated. The results demonstrate that the catalyst K/KOH/c-Al 2 O 3 has high catalytic activity when the added amounts of KOH and K are 20 and 7.5 wt% respectively. The transesterification of rapeseed oil to biodiesel with the prepared heterogeneous base catalyst was optimized. It was found that the yield of biodiesel can reach as high as 84.52% after 1 h reaction at 60°C, with a 9:1 molar ratio of methanol to oil, a catalyst amount of 4 wt%, and a stirring rate of 270 g.

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Section: Infrared Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Transesterification of Rapeseed Oil for Synthesizing Biodiesel by K/KOH/γ‐Al₂O₃ as Heterogeneous Base Catalyst

Wang

et al. 2008

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

108

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“…The vapor deposition of alkaline metals on the surfaces of MgO and γ-Al 2 O 3 leads to systems of superbasic properties capable of removing a proton from a toluene molecule (pK A = 35). These systems also possess remarkable single-electron donor properties [37]. These singleelectron properties are particularly important when considering metal oxides as potential polymer fillers.…”

Section: Role Of Acidity Of Metal Oxidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modified main groups metal oxides as potential active fillers for polymers

Kijeński¹,

Osawaru²

2006

Polimery

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The demand for polymers exhibiting special properties has necessitated the modification of metal oxide polymer fillers currently in use to obtain adequate filling characteristics. Recent developments in the literature (also from the authors), in which the advantages of the applications of metal oxides as polymer fillers with special consideration of the dependence of their properties on origin and thermal treatment are presented. The acid-base and donor-acceptor properties of this group of fillers and also the dependence of their properties on electronic parameters is discussed in detail. The use of practical methods of oxide modification, such as precipitation, coprecipitation, gelation and impregnation is further discussed. The importance of defects in the oxide structure and the acidic properties resulting from their activity is presented. The possibility of application of these oxides in synthesizing organic/inorganic hybrid materials is also discussed.

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Alkylation of Alkyl Aromatic Hydrocarbons over Metal Oxide–Alkali Metal Superbasic Catalysts

Kijeński

Radomski

Fedoryńska

2001

Journal of Catalysis

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Step by Step Modeling of Superbasic Catalysts of the EDA Complex Type

Cited by 7 publications

References 13 publications

Transesterification of Rapeseed Oil for Synthesizing Biodiesel by K/KOH/γ‐Al₂O₃ as Heterogeneous Base Catalyst

Transesterification of Rapeseed Oil for Synthesizing Biodiesel by K/KOH/γ‐Al₂O₃ as Heterogeneous Base Catalyst

Modified main groups metal oxides as potential active fillers for polymers

Alkylation of Alkyl Aromatic Hydrocarbons over Metal Oxide–Alkali Metal Superbasic Catalysts

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Step by Step Modeling of Superbasic Catalysts of the EDA Complex Type

Cited by 7 publications

References 13 publications

Transesterification of Rapeseed Oil for Synthesizing Biodiesel by K/KOH/γ‐Al2O3 as Heterogeneous Base Catalyst

Transesterification of Rapeseed Oil for Synthesizing Biodiesel by K/KOH/γ‐Al2O3 as Heterogeneous Base Catalyst

Modified main groups metal oxides as potential active fillers for polymers

Alkylation of Alkyl Aromatic Hydrocarbons over Metal Oxide–Alkali Metal Superbasic Catalysts

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Product

Resources

About

Transesterification of Rapeseed Oil for Synthesizing Biodiesel by K/KOH/γ‐Al₂O₃ as Heterogeneous Base Catalyst

Transesterification of Rapeseed Oil for Synthesizing Biodiesel by K/KOH/γ‐Al₂O₃ as Heterogeneous Base Catalyst