Stérilisation des mâles de Glossina tachinoides West. par irradiation aux rayons gamma

Itard, Jacques

doi:10.19182/remvt.7558

Cited by 14 publications

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“…Examination of survival data for these males, examples of which are shown in Fig. 2, indicated that the major cause of mortality w~ts senescence: irradiation in air advanced the time at which senescence set in (Itard, 1968(Itard, , 1970, while irradiation in nitrogen largely protected the insects from premature senescence, their survival curves resembling those of unirradiated controls. Fig.…”

Section: Male Survival and Jertilitymentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Tsetse flies require higher doses for 950/0 sterility than any other Diptera studied (data assembled by LaChance, Schmidt & Bushland, 1967;Curtis, 1971). At these high doses male survival is reduced (Potts, 1958;Itard, 1968Itard, , 1970Dean & Wortham, 1969).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gamma-radiation appears to be safer, more convenient and reliable than chemosterilants in current use. Radiation sterilization of males has been studied in several Glossina species (Potts, 1958;Itard, 1968Itard, , 1970Curtis, 1968;Dean & Clements, 1969;Dean & Wortham, 1969). Tsetse flies require higher doses for 950/0 sterility than any other Diptera studied (data assembled by LaChance, Schmidt & Bushland, 1967;Curtis, 1971).…”

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confidence: 99%

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USE OF NITROGEN AND CHILLING IN THE PRODUCTION OF RADIATION‐INDUCED STERILITY IN THE TSETSE FLY GLOSSINA MORSITANS

Curtis¹,

Langley²

1972

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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Male pupae of Glossina morsitans were irradiated at the very late pupal stage at which females had already emerged. By the use of nitrogen and/or cooling stimulated emergence from the treated pupae could be postponed for several hours after irradiation, which would be advantageous in a sterile male project. The male survival and fertility after various doses given in nitrogen or warm or cold air were compared and it was found that a specified level of fertility could be achieved with better survival if nitrogen was used rather than air. The likely population‐suppressing effect of releases of males after various possible treatments was computed, and it was concluded that a dose in nitrogen which gives incomplete sterility would be the most efficient. Zusammenfassung DER EINSATZ VON STICKSTOFF UND ABKÜHLUNG BEI DER ERZEUGUNG STRAHLENINDUZIERTER STERILITÄT BEI DER TSETSE‐FLIEGE, GLOSSINA MORSITANS Puppen von Glossina morsitans wurden zur Sterilisierung bestrahlt. Es wurde ein Zeitpunkt ausgewählt, an dem fast alle weiblichen Fliegen schon geschlüpft waren, so daß nahezu ausschließlich die Männchen bestrahlt wurden. Eine Bestrahlung bei 20° C stimulierte das Schlüpfen der Fliegen. Wurde die Bestrahlung dagegen bei + 2° in Luft oder Stickstoffatmosphäre vorgenommen, so konnte das Schlüpfen bis zum Wiedererwärmen verhindert werden. Diese Methode kann für Versuche im Freiland von großem Nutzen sein. Die Überlebens‐ und Sterilitätsrate wurden nach verschiedenen Bestrahlungsdosen in Stickstoffatmosphäre, in warmer oder kalter Luft verglichen. Wenn auch die Bestrahlung der Männchen vor dem Schlüpfen aus den Puppen mit einer bestimmten Dosis in Stickstoffatmosphäre zu einem geringeren Sterilitätsgrad führt, als die gleiche Bestrahlung in Luft, so liegt der Vorteil dieses Verfahrens jedoch in einer erheblich höheren Überlebensrate der sterilisierten Fliegen. Es kann damit jeder Sterilitätsgrad bei besserer Überlebensrate erzielt werden. Am rechnerischen Beispiel wird gezeigt, daß eine höhere Überlebensrate der sterilisierten Männchen für die Verminderung der Population von größerer Bedeutung ist, als der erzielte Sterilitätsgrad. Daher erscheint es günstiger, eine Bestrahlung in Stickstoffatmosphäre vorzunehmen.

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Section: Male Survival and Jertilitymentioning

confidence: 95%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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USE OF NITROGEN AND CHILLING IN THE PRODUCTION OF RADIATION‐INDUCED STERILITY IN THE TSETSE FLY GLOSSINA MORSITANS

Curtis¹,

Langley²

1972

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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“…brevipalpis up to 170 Gy for G . tachinoides induced acceptable or complete sterility in these two species [30,31]. Doses of 110 Gy to 120 Gy induced sterility in G .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of radiation sensitivity and mating performance of Glossina brevipalpis males

et al. 2017

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BackgroundArea-wide integrated pest management strategies that include a sterile insect technique component have been successfully used to eradicate tsetse fly populations in the past. To ensure the success of the sterile insect technique, the released males must be adequately sterile and be able to compete with their native counterparts in the wild.Methodology/Principal findingsIn the present study the radiation sensitivity of colonised Glossina brevipalpis Newstead (Diptera; Glossinidae) males, treated either as adults or pupae, was assessed. The mating performance of the irradiated G. brevipalpis males was assessed in walk-in field cages. Glossina brevipalpis adults and pupae were highly sensitive to irradiation, and a dose of 40 Gy and 80 Gy induced 93% and 99% sterility respectively in untreated females that mated with males irradiated as adults. When 37 to 41 day old pupae were exposed to a dose of 40 Gy, more than 97% sterility was induced in untreated females that mated with males derived from irradiated pupae. Males treated as adults with a dose up to 80 Gy were able to compete successfully with untreated fertile males for untreated females in walk-in field cages.Conclusions/SignificanceThe data emanating from this field cage study indicates that, sterile male flies derived from the colony of G. brevipalpis maintained at the Agricultural Research Council-Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute in South Africa are potential good candidates for a campaign that includes a sterile insect technique component. This would need to be confirmed by open field studies.

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“…Several authors have provided information on male survival and fertility following gamma-radiation in air given to different life-stages of Glossina spp. (Potts, 1958;Itard, 1968Itard, , 1970Curtis, 1968;Dean & Clements, 1969;Dean & Wortham, 1969;Dean, Dame & Birkenmeyer, 1969). As with other insects, fewer survive following irradiation of earlier stages in the life-cycle (Dean & Wortham, 1969) : hence, treatment of adults or of late pupae is indicated.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Viability, Fertility and Behaviour of Tsetse Flies (Glossina Morsitans) Sterilized by Irradiation Under Various Conditions

Langley¹,

Curtis²,

Brady³

1974

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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Glossina morsitans pupae of known age were irradiated at different times during pupal life. The ages after which irradiation in air did not prevent development and normal eclosion, were identified. Irradiation at the earliest age which allowed normal eclosion of males resulted in decreased adult survival compared with pupae irradiated on the day of eclosion, but in both cases survival was improved by irradiating in an atmosphere of nitrogen. Pupae which had reached the day of peak male eclosion were stored at 10°—11° for 5 days and then produced a predictable flush of adult emergence following irradiation in nitrogen or in air. This technique, or the alternative of irradiation some days before eclosion is expected, would enable several days' collection of pupae to be treated as a single batch for the purposes of release in a sterile male control project. Laboratory measurements of several behavioural parameters showed that adult males, irradiated as pupae, can deviate from normal when compared with unirradiated controls. However, irradiation in nitrogen caused less alteration to behaviour than the lower doses in air required to achieve the same reduction in fertility. Measurements and estimates of the somatic and genetic effects of various irradiation treatments given under described conditions, were used to predict the treatment which would provide the optimal population suppression in a field control project involving the release of sterilized males. Computations have shown that the optimal sterilizing treatment may differ for different target levels of population reduction, and this concept may be of considerable significance in the control of oviparous insects with greater reproductive potential than tsetse flies. Résumé LONGÉVITÉ, FERTILITÉ ET COMPORTEMENT DE MOUCHES TSÉ‐TSÉ (GLOSSINA MORSITANS) STÉRILISÉES PAR IRRADIATION SOUS DIVERSES CONDITIONS Des pupes de Glossina morsitans d'âge connu ont éTÉ irradiées à divers moments de leur développement. On a ainsi précisé les âges auxquels l'irradiation (dans l'air) n'empêche ni le développement, ni l'éclosion de la pupe. La survie des adultes mâles qui éclosent normalement de pupes irradiées à leur plus jeune âge est réduite par rapport à celle des måles provenant de pupes irradiées tardivement, le jour même de l'éclosion. Dans les deux cas cependant la survie est prolongée quand l'irradiation des pupes se fait dans une atmosphère d'azote, plutôt que dans l'air. Les pupes ayant atteint l'âge pour lequel on obtient le maximum d'éclosions d'imagos mâles après irradiation peuvent être stockées à 10°–11° pendant 5 jours, de façon à s'assurer une production en séries de mâles irradiés. Cette technique permettrait d'irradier en un seul lot des pupes collecTÉes au cours de plusieurs jours, ce qui est un avantage certain dans le cas d'un projet de lutte autocide. Plusieurs paramètres relatifs au comportement des mâles adultes peuvent être mesurés en laboratoire et cette étude montre que les mâles issus de pupes irradiées en atmosphère d'azote conservent un comportement p...

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Stérilisation des mâles de Glossina tachinoides West. par irradiation aux rayons gamma

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

USE OF NITROGEN AND CHILLING IN THE PRODUCTION OF RADIATION‐INDUCED STERILITY IN THE TSETSE FLY GLOSSINA MORSITANS

USE OF NITROGEN AND CHILLING IN THE PRODUCTION OF RADIATION‐INDUCED STERILITY IN THE TSETSE FLY GLOSSINA MORSITANS

Evaluation of radiation sensitivity and mating performance of Glossina brevipalpis males

The Viability, Fertility and Behaviour of Tsetse Flies (Glossina Morsitans) Sterilized by Irradiation Under Various Conditions

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