Steroid Hormone Formation in the Human Ovary: I. Identification of Steroids Formed<i>in Vitro</i>from Acetate-1-<sup>14</sup>C in the Corpus Luteum

Hammerstein, J.; Rice, Bernard F.; Savard, Kenneth

doi:10.1210/jcem-24-7-597

Cited by 64 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The stimulating effects of LH in vivo on the secretion of steroids by the autotransplanted ovary described above are in keeping with numerous studies in vitro on the effect of LH on steroid production using homogenates or slices of luteal tissue (Savard, Marsh & Rice, 1965). The effects of LH on the transplanted ovary in vivo have agreed particularly well with the in-vitro findings of Hammerstein, Rice & Savard (1964), who showed that an increased incorporation of f14C]acetate into oestrogen as well as into progesterone occurred when slices of human corpora lutea were incubated with HCG or human pituitary LH. Moreover Kaltenbach, Cook, Niswender & Nalbandov (1967), using sheep luteal slices in vitro, showed that LH caused a significant increase in progesterone concentration, whereas FSH and prolactin had no effect.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

The in-Vivo Effects of Sheep Pituitary Gonadotrophins on the Secretion of Steroids by the Autotransplanted Ovary of the Ewe

McCracken¹,

A²,

Goding³

et al. 1969

Journal of Endocrinology

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The transplanted ovary preparation in the ewe permits long-term access to both the arterial and venous sides of the ovarian circulation in the unstressed, unanaesthetized animal. However, these animals are not completely normal, as the separation of the ovary from the uterus results in ovarian cycles with a prolonged luteal phase and the infrequent manifestation of behavioural oestrus. Treatment with exogenous gonadotrophins made it possible to carry out direct infusion experiments on the transplanted ovary on a more uniform basis. The effect on ovarian blood flow and on ovarian steroid secretion following the infusion of ovine luteinizing hormone (LH), ovine follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) or ovine prolactin directly into the arterial supply of the transplanted ovary of the ewe is described. Four infusions of each of the three ovine pituitary gonadotrophins were made into the ovary at rates varying from 0\m=.\1 \g=m\g./hr. to 1000 \g=m\g./hr. LH infusions produced an increase in both ovarian blood flow and steroid secretion at all dosage levels employed. Androstenedione showed the greatest increase (600%) in secretion rate after LH, followed by testosterone (400%), oestradiol (more than 50%) and progesterone (less than 50%). Progesterone however showed the greatest increase in terms of mass of steroid secreted. There was no measurable change in the secretion of oestrone. Ovarian blood flow increased by at least 20 % (range 20-125 %) within 1 hr. of beginning the LH infusion. On the other hand FSH and prolactin infused at the same or at a higher rate than LH, had essentially no effect on ovarian blood flow or steroid secretion rate. In two out of four FSH infusions there appeared to be a transient fall in progesterone secretion rate. The infusion of 0-9% NaCl solution into the ovary as a control had no effect on blood flow or on steroid secretion.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

The in-Vivo Effects of Sheep Pituitary Gonadotrophins on the Secretion of Steroids by the Autotransplanted Ovary of the Ewe

McCracken¹,

A²,

Goding³

et al. 1969

Journal of Endocrinology

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“…However, to date no clear intraovarian function has been assigned to it. In rabbits it is believed to be a source of progestagens (Hilliard, Archibald & Sawyer, 1963 ;Simmer, Hilliard & Archibald, 1963), while in the human it is considered to have an androgen-secreting capacity (Hammerstein, Rice & Savard, 1964;Rice & Savard, 1966;Savard, 1969). It has been stated that atresia of preovulatory follicles does not give PLATE 1 Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Follicular development in the sheep after priming with PMSG

Cran¹

1983

Reproduction

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The administration of PMSG to sheep early in the oestrous cycle (Days 2 or 3) results in the formation of follicular cysts of varied morphology by Days 8 or 9. These may persist for up to 14 days after injection. If PMSG is given on Day 5 or later approximately 50% of such cysts ovulate. However, when PMSG is given at the beginning of the cycle (Day 2 or 3), the membrana granulosa is lost from the majority of the cysts and the theca interna luteinizes. The major hormone secreted by such luteinized follicles is progesterone. The structure of the steroid-secreting cells of the follicles is similar to that of large luteal cells of granulosa cell origin in cyclic corpora lutea. It is suggested that under suitable luteinizing conditions thecal cells may acquire many of the characteristics of granulosa cells.

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“…In contrast to the bovine CL which seems to lose completely its capacity to synthesize oestradiol-17 ß, human and porcine CL do synthesize oestradiol-17ß (Hammerstein, Rice & Savard, 1964;Watson & Leask, 1975). Preliminary findings, however, utilizing human and porcine ovarian cells in tissue culture, suggest that the aromatase activity of the granulosa cell of these species is much greater than that of luteal cells (K. M. Henderson, Y. S. Moon & .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Luteinization of bovine granulosa cells and corpus luteum formation associated with loss of androgen-aromatizing ability

Henderson¹,

Moon²

1979

Reproduction

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The relative aromatizing ability of bovine luteinizing granulosa cells and dispersed luteal cells in tissue culture was studied. Luteinization of granulosa cells, as indicated by steadily increasing progesterone production (from 50 to 300 ng/10(5) cells/day over 4--5 days), was accompanied by a dramatic reduction in their capacity to aromatize exogenous androgen; oestradiol-17 beta production falling from 200 to less than 10 ng/10(5) cells/day over 4--5 days. Luteal cells also had only a very limited capacity to aromatize exogenous androgen, maximum oestradiol-17 beta production being less than 600 pg/10(5) cells/day. The loss in aromatizing capacity of granulosa cells during luteinization was also reflected in the relative endogenous steroid content of non-luteinized granulosa cells and luteal tissue, the former containing high levels of oestradiol-17 beta, less than or equal to 28 ng/mg protein, while the latter, although containing substantial amounts of testosterone, less than or equal to 5.7 ng/g tissue, contained very little oestradiol-17 beta, less than or equal to 0.35 ngG TISSUE. These findings suggest that luteinization of bovine granulosa cells and subsequent corpus luteum formation is associated with a loss in androgen aromatase activity.

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Steroid Hormone Formation in the Human Ovary: I. Identification of Steroids Formedin Vitrofrom Acetate-1-¹⁴C in the Corpus Luteum

Cited by 64 publications

References 13 publications

The in-Vivo Effects of Sheep Pituitary Gonadotrophins on the Secretion of Steroids by the Autotransplanted Ovary of the Ewe

The in-Vivo Effects of Sheep Pituitary Gonadotrophins on the Secretion of Steroids by the Autotransplanted Ovary of the Ewe

Follicular development in the sheep after priming with PMSG

Luteinization of bovine granulosa cells and corpus luteum formation associated with loss of androgen-aromatizing ability

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Steroid Hormone Formation in the Human Ovary: I. Identification of Steroids Formedin Vitrofrom Acetate-1-14C in the Corpus Luteum

Cited by 64 publications

References 13 publications

The in-Vivo Effects of Sheep Pituitary Gonadotrophins on the Secretion of Steroids by the Autotransplanted Ovary of the Ewe

The in-Vivo Effects of Sheep Pituitary Gonadotrophins on the Secretion of Steroids by the Autotransplanted Ovary of the Ewe

Follicular development in the sheep after priming with PMSG

Luteinization of bovine granulosa cells and corpus luteum formation associated with loss of androgen-aromatizing ability

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Steroid Hormone Formation in the Human Ovary: I. Identification of Steroids Formedin Vitrofrom Acetate-1-¹⁴C in the Corpus Luteum