Stilbenes as enhancers for gypsy moth (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) nucleopolyhedrovirus

Abstract

The stilbenes 4,4′-diaminostilbene-2,2′-disulfonic acid, 4-aminostilbene disulfonic acid, and dinitrostilbene-2,2′-disulfonic acid were tested as enhancers for the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (L.), nucleopolyhedrovirus (LdNPV). 4-Amino nitrostilbene disulfonic acid had no effect on the activity (LC50) of LdNPV, whereas both 4,4′-diaminostilbene-2,2′-disulfonic acid and 4-aminostilbene disulfonic acid were inhibitory. Diethylstilbestrol, a stilbene synthetic estrogen, and two synthetic estrogens (i.e., estradiol-17-acetate, estrone acetate) had no effects on viral activity. Two stilbene dyes (i.e., direct yellow 62, brilliant yellow 6) and a stilbene optical brightener (i.e., Tinopal LPW) significantly increased the activity of LdNPV. Activity was increased by approximately 230-fold by Tinopal LPW, 26-fold by direct yellow 62, and 36-fold by brilliant yellow 6. This study demonstrates that some stilbenes can act as enhancers, whereas others do not.

Evaluation of spray-dried lignin-based formulations and adjuvants as solar protectants for the granulovirus of the codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L)

“…This was suspected to be the case with Trilogy, as neem oil has antifeedant properties (Isman et al, 1990). The testing of other materials with CpGV, such as stilbene Xuorescent brighteners (Hamm, 1999;Farrar et al, 2003;Shapiro and Argauer, 2003) or sprayable particle Wlms (kaolin clays) recently developed for dual use as sunburn protectants and management of a range of orchard pests including codling moth (Unruh et al, 2000) are worthwhile.…”

Synthesis and Characterization of Ester Derivatives of Stilbene Derived from Acid Derivative (of P-Chloro Phenyl Acetic Acid, Substitute Benzaldehyde, Triethyl Amine) with Methanol and Sulphuric Acid

“…Stibene derivatives have attracted much attention due to their diverse biological activities, including antimicrobial and insecticidal effects, vasodilation action as well as insect baculovirus synergists [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Stilbene derivatives such as diethylstilbestrol (DES) euvestin, 4,4'-diaminostilbene and pinosylvin, have a variety of biological action, including hormonal, hypocholesterolic, sympathomimetic, antifungal, antiallergic, antibacterial, antimalarial and anticancer activities [7][8][9][10].…”